- Family: Araceae Juss.
Alocasia (Schott) G.Don
[CATE]
CATE Araceae, 17 Dec 2011. araceae.e-monocot.org
- Habitat
- Tropical and subtropical humid forest; geophytes or terrestrial, forest floor, in leaf litter, humus deposits on rocks, usually in deep shade, sometimes in exposed areas of forest regrowth.
- Distribution
- Trop. & Subtrop. Asia to E. Australia.
- Diagnostic
- Terrestrial or geophytic plants with colocasioid venation, leaves often peltate when juvenile; spathe constricted, spadix with an appendix, flowers unisexual, without staminodes. Differs from Colocasia in having entire, strongly sinuate or pinnatifid leaf blades (always entire in Colocasia ), basal placentation and few ovules.
- General Description
- HABIT : medium-sized to rarely arborescent and gigantic, seasonally dormant to evergreen herbs, stem thick, often hypogeal, sometimes stoloniferous and bulbiferous, epigeal stem usually erect, with clear to milky latex. LEAVES : few to several in terminal crown, sometimes each subtended by a cataphyll. PETIOLE : long, sometimes asperate or glandular, sheath relatively long, sometimes deciduous. BLADE : sometimes pubescent, juvenile blade peltate, at maturity usually sagittate, less often ± hastate or cordate, peltate in some species, margin entire, sinuate or slightly to deeply pinnatifid, posterior lobes ovate or triangular; basal ribs well-developed, glands present in axils of primary lateral veins and midrib, primary lateral veins pinnate, forming submarginal collective vein,1-2 closely adjacent marginal veins also present, secondary and tertiary lateral veins arising from the primaries at a wide angle, then arching strongly towards leaf margin, sometimes forming interprimary veins,higher order venation reticulate. INFLORESCENCE : 2-many in each floral sympodium, appearing with the leaves. PEDUNCLE : usually shorter than petiole. SPATHE : strongly constricted between tube and blade, tube with convolute margins, shorter than blade, ovoid or oblong, persistent and then splitting irregularly in fruit, blade oblong, usually boat-shaped, rarely fornicate, at anthesis at first erect, then reflexing and later usually deciduous; in Xenophya group blade is persistent, erect, convolute, gaping only basally. SPADIX : shorter than spathe, female zone short, conoid-cylindric, separated from male by a much narrower zone of sterile flowers, male zone usually cylindric, appendix conoid to cylindric, surface with irregular, labyrinthine network of fissures. FLOWERS : unisexual, perigone absent. MALE FLOWER : 3-12(-36)-androus, stamens connate into an obpyramidal, subhexagonal, truncate, rarely linear ( A. brisbanensis) synandrium, thecae linear-oblong, lateral, dehiscing by apical pore. POLLEN : extruded in strands, inaperturate, spherical to subspheroidal, medium-sized (mean 35 µm., range 31-39 µm.), exine spinose. STERILE MALE FLOWERS : synandrodes shallow, obpyramidal, compressed, truncate. FEMALE FLOWER : ovary ovoid or oblong, 1-locular or partially 3-4-locular at apex, ovules 6-10, orthotropous, hemiorthotropous, hemianatropous or anatropous, funicle short, placenta basal, style short, stigma depressed-capitate, ± distinctly 3-4-lobed. BERRY : generally reddish, ellipsoid or obconic-ellipsoid or subglobose, 1-5-seeded, stigma remnants persistent. SEED : subglobose to ellipsoid, testa thickish, smooth or scabrous, embryo broadly conoid, shortly cylindric or elongate, endosperm copious.
Native to:
Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Japan, Jawa, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Philippines, Queensland, Solomon Is., Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya
Introduced into:
Ascension, Brazil Northeast, Caroline Is., Chagos Archipelago, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Galápagos, Gilbert Is., Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Jamaica, Kermadec Is., Leeward Is., Maldives, Marianas, Marshall Is., New Caledonia, New Zealand North, Nicaragua, Niue, Ogasawara-shoto, Paraguay, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Seychelles, Society Is., St.Helena, Sudan, Tibet, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is.
- Alocasia acuminata Schott
- Alocasia aequiloba N.E.Br.
- Alocasia alba Schott
- Alocasia arifolia Hallier f.
- Alocasia atropurpurea Engl.
- Alocasia augustiana L.Linden & Rodigas
- Alocasia azlanii K.M.Wong & P.C.Boyce
- Alocasia baginda Kurniawan & P.C.Boyce
- Alocasia balgooyi A.Hay
- Alocasia beccarii Engl.
- Alocasia boa A.Hay
- Alocasia boyceana A.Hay
- Alocasia brancifolia (Schott) A.Hay
- Alocasia brisbanensis (F.M.Bailey) Domin
- Alocasia cadieri Chantrier
- Alocasia celebica Engl. ex Koord.
- Alocasia chaii P.C.Boyce
- Alocasia clypeolata A.Hay
- Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) G.Don
- Alocasia culionensis Engl.
- Alocasia cuprea K.Koch
- Alocasia decipiens Schott
- Alocasia decumbens Buchet
- Alocasia devansayana (L.Linden & Rodigas) Engl.
- Alocasia evrardii Gagnep. ex V.D.Nguyen
- Alocasia fallax Schott
- Alocasia farisii Zulhazman, Norziel. & P.C.Boyce
- Alocasia flabellifera A.Hay
- Alocasia flemingiana Yuzammi & A.Hay
- Alocasia fornicata (Kunth) Schott
- Alocasia gageana Engl. & K.Krause
- Alocasia grata Prain ex Engl. & Krause
- Alocasia hainanica N.E.Br.
- Alocasia hararganjensis H.Ara & M.A.Hassan
- Alocasia heterophylla (C.Presl) Merr.
- Alocasia hollrungii Engl.
- Alocasia hypoleuca P.C.Boyce
- Alocasia indica (Lour.) Spach
- Alocasia infernalis P.C.Boyce
- Alocasia inornata Hallier f.
- Alocasia jiewhoei V.D.Nguyen
- Alocasia kerinciensis A.Hay
- Alocasia lancifolia Engl.
- Alocasia lauterbachiana (Engl.) A.Hay
- Alocasia lecomtei Engl.
- Alocasia longiloba Miq.
- Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don
- Alocasia maquilingensis Merr.
- Alocasia megawatiae Yuzammi & A.Hay
- Alocasia melo A.Hay, P.C.Boyce & K.M.Wong
- Alocasia micholitziana Sander
- Alocasia miniuscula A.Hay
- Alocasia montana (Roxb.) Schott
- Alocasia monticola A.Hay
- Alocasia navicularis (K.Koch & C.D.Bouché) K.Koch & C.D.Bouché
- Alocasia nebula A.Hay
- Alocasia nicolsonii A.Hay
- Alocasia nycteris Medecilo, G.C.Yao & Madulid
- Alocasia odora (G.Lodd.) Spach
- Alocasia × okinawensis Tawada
- Alocasia pangeran A.Hay
- Alocasia peltata M.Hotta
- Alocasia perakensis Hemsl.
- Alocasia portei Schott
- Alocasia princeps W.Bull
- Alocasia principiculus A.Hay
- Alocasia puber (Hassk.) Schott
- Alocasia puteri A.Hay
- Alocasia pyrospatha A.Hay
- Alocasia ramosii A.Hay
- Alocasia reginae N.E.Br.
- Alocasia reginula A.Hay
- Alocasia reversa N.E.Br.
- Alocasia ridleyi A.Hay
- Alocasia rivularis Luu, Nguyen-Phi & H.T.Van
- Alocasia robusta M.Hotta
- Alocasia salarkhanii H.Ara & M.A.Hassan
- Alocasia sanderiana W.Bull
- Alocasia sarawakensis M.Hotta
- Alocasia scabriuscula N.E.Br.
- Alocasia scalprum A.Hay
- Alocasia simonsiana A.Hay
- Alocasia sinuata N.E.Br.
- Alocasia suhirmaniana Yuzammi & A.Hay
- Alocasia venusta A.Hay
- Alocasia vietnamensis V.D.Nguyen & de Kok
- Alocasia wentii Engl. & K.Krause
- Alocasia wongii A.Hay
- Alocasia zebrina Schott ex Van Houtte
Alocasia (Schott) G.Don appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2016 | Simaga, J.M. [9299], Papua New Guinea | K001235124 | ||
Apr 18, 2007 | Edwards, P.J. [2064], Malaysia | 75520.000 | ||
Malaysia | 18245.000 | |||
29047.081 | ||||
34265.000 | ||||
Sands, M.J.S. [502], Indonesia | 13369.001 | |||
Bogner, J. [405], Thailand | 34426.000 | |||
Boyce, P. [743], Malaysia | 59115.000 | |||
Johns, R.J. [8239], Indonesia | 59398.000 | |||
Boyce, P.C. [891], Thailand | 60525.000 | |||
Boyce, P.C. [889], Thailand | 60526.000 |
First published in R.Sweet, Hort. Brit., ed. 3: 631 (1839)
Accepted by
- Mansor, M., Boyce, P.C., Othman, A.S. & Sulaiman, B. (2012). The Araceae of peninsular Malaysia: 1-146. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia.
- Boyce, P.C. (2008). A review of Alocasia (Araceae: Colocasieae) for Thailand including a novel species and new species records from south-west Thailand Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 36: 1-17.
- Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Govaerts, R. (1995). World Checklist of Seed Plants 1(1, 2): 1-483, 1-529. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
CATE Araceae
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- Mayo, S.J., Bogner, J. & Boyce, P.C. 1997. The genera of Araceae. 370 pp.
CATE Araceae
Haigh, A., Clark, B., Reynolds, L., Mayo, S.J., Croat, T.B., Lay, L., Boyce, P.C., Mora, M., Bogner, J., Sellaro, M., Wong, S.Y., Kostelac, C., Grayum, M.H., Keating, R.C., Ruckert, G., Naylor, M.F. and Hay, A., CATE Araceae, 17 Dec 2011.
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Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0