- Family: Poaceae Barnhart
- Genus: Andropogon L.
Andropogon bicornis L.
- Genus: Andropogon L.
This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical America.
Descriptions
According to GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
[GB]- Habit
- Perennial; caespitose. Culms erect; 150-250 cm long; 4-6 mm diam. Culm-internodes thick-walled. Culm-nodes glabrous. Lateral branches ample. Leaf-sheaths keeled. Ligule a ciliolate membrane; 1-1.2 mm long. Leaf-blades 25-50 cm long; 2-6 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous. Leaf-blade margins scabrous.
- Inflorescences
- Synflorescence compound; paniculate (obovate); dense. Inflorescence composed of racemes; terminal and axillary; subtended by a spatheole; embraced at base by subtending leaf. Spatheole linear; 3-4 cm long. Racemes 2; paired; 2.5-3.5 cm long. Rhachis fragile at the nodes; plumose on surface; plumose on margins. Rhachis hairs 6-8 mm long. Rhachis internodes filiform; 2.5-3 mm long. Rhachis internode tip transverse; cupuliform; with simple rim. Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Companion sterile spikelets pedicelled; 1 in the cluster. Pedicels filiform; 3-4 mm long; plumose; with 6-8 mm long hairs.
- Sterile
- Companion sterile spikelets represented by barren pedicels, or rudimentary (except terminal); 0-1 mm long.
- Spikelets
- Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 3-3.5 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Spikelet callus oblong; 0.2 mm long; pilose; base obtuse; inserted. Companion sterile spikelets represented by barren pedicels, or rudimentary (except terminal); 0-1 mm long.
- Fertile
- Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate; dorsally compressed; 3-3.5 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Spikelet callus oblong; 0.2 mm long; pilose; base obtuse; inserted.
- Glume
- Glumes dissimilar; exceeding apex of florets; firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume lanceolate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 2-keeled; keeled laterally. Lower glume intercarinal veins absent. Lower glume surface concave. Upper glume lanceolate; membranous; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins absent. Upper glume muticous.
- Florets
- Basal sterile florets barren; without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret lanceolate; 2-2.4 mm long; hyaline; 0 -veined; ciliate on margins. Fertile lemma lanceolate; 1.6-2.2 mm long; hyaline; without keel. Lemma apex entire; acute; muticous. Palea absent or minute.
- Flowers
- Anthers 3; 0.5-0.7 mm long; purple.
- Fruits
- Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; 1.6-2 mm long.
- Distribution
- North America: Mexico. South America: Mesoamericana, Caribbean, northern South America, western South America, Brazil, and southern South America.
- Reference
- Andropogoneae. Fl Costa Rica 1993.
- Diagnostic
- Terminal pedicelled spikelet larger than sessile.
Images
Distribution
Native to:
Argentina Northeast, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is.
Introduced into:
Chagos Archipelago
Synonyms
- Anatherum bicorne P.Beauv.
- Andropogon bicornis var. absconditus Hack.
- Andropogon bicornis var. angustifolius Pilg.
- Andropogon bicornis var. burchellii Hack.
- Andropogon bicornis var. gracillimus Hack.
- Andropogon bicornis var. hybridus Hack.
- Andropogon bicornis var. paranensis Bertoni
- Andropogon bicornis var. virginicoides Hack.
- Andropogon heteranthus Steud.
- Rottboellia stipoides Steud.
- Saccharum bicorne (L.) Griseb.
- Sorghum bicorne (L.) Kuntze
Other Data
Andropogon bicornis L. appears in other Kew resources:
Herbarium Catalogue (11 records)
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2009 | Projeto Flora Cristalino [367], Mato Grosso | K000579248 | ||
Jan 1, 1973 | Irwin, H.S. [28350], Minas Gerais | K000847026 | ||
Burchell [808], Brazil | K000632910 | |||
Glaziou, A.F.M. [16584], Brazil | K000632911 | Unknown type material | ||
Lehmann, F.C. [4403], Colombia | K000632888 | Unknown type material | ||
Fendler, A. [1655], Venezuela | K000632889 | |||
Fendler, A. [1655], Venezuela | K000632890 | Unknown type material | ||
Irwin, H.S. [7640], Goiás | K000847027 | |||
Burchell, W.J. [4447], Brazil | K000847012 | |||
Balansa [271], Paraguay | K000632925 | |||
Balansa [2977], Paraguay | K000632926 |
Bibliography
First published in Sp. Pl.: 1046 (1753)
Accepted by
- Nagahama, N., Anton, A.M. & Norrmann, G.A. (2014). Taxon delimination in the Andropogon lateralis complex (Poaceae) in southern South America based on Morphometrical analysis Systematic Botany 39: 804-813.
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
- Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181.
- Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286.
Literature
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Forzza, R.C. & al. (2013). Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/.
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Giraldo-Cañas, D. (2011). Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia Darwiniana 49: 139-247.
- Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348.
- Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Dávila, P., Mejia-Saulés, M.T., Gómez-Sánchez, N., Valdés-Reyna, J., Ortíz, J.J., Morín, C., Castrejón, J. & Ocampo, A. (2006). Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México: 1-671. CONABIO, México city.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2003). Flora of North America North of Mexico 25: 1-781. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Jørgensen, P.M. & León-Yánez, S. (eds.) (1999). Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Ecuador Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: i-viii, 1-1181.
- Sheppard, C.R.C. & Seaward, M.R.D. (eds.) (1999). Ecology of the Chagos archipelago: 1-350. Westbury Academic & Scientific Publishing, Otley.
- Renvoize, S.A. (1998). Gramineas de Bolivia: 1-644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Boggan, J. Funck, V. & Kelloff, C. (1997). Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, Franch Guiana) ed. 2: 1-238. University of Guyana, Georgetown.
- Davidse, G. & al. (eds.) (1994). Flora Mesoamericana 6: 1-543. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
- Brako, L. & Zarucchi, J.L. (1993). Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i-xl, 1-1286.
Sources
GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Science Photographs
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Neotropikey
Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0