- Family: Araceae Juss.
Cyrtosperma Griff.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Malesia to Pacific.
Descriptions
According to CATE Araceae
[CATE]CATE Araceae, 17 Dec 2011. araceae.e-monocot.org
- Habitat
- Tropical humid forest, swamp forest, open swamps and cultivated areas; helophytes in streams, ponds and other wet places.
- Distribution
- Malesia to Pacific.
- General Description
- HABIT : slender to gigantic evergreen herbs, usually solitary, sometimes clump-forming, rhizome thick, condensed, creeping. LEAVES : several. PETIOLE : sometimes very long, aculeate, geniculate apically, sheath short. BLADE : deeply sagittate, hastate-sagittate or ± tripartite (posterior divisions usually larger than anterior), veins sometimes aculeate on lower surface; basal ribs very well-developed, primary lateral veins pinnate, running into marginal vein, higher order venation reticulate, . INFLORESCENCE : 1-2 in each floral sympodium, appearing with the leaves. PEDUNCLE : long, similar to petioles. SPATHE : marcescent, erect, blackish purple to white, convolute or not in lower part, upper part rarely somewhat fornicate, long-acuminate and twisted in some species. SPADIX : sessile or stipitate. FLOWERS : bisexual, perigoniate; tepals 4-6, somewhat thickened at apex, fornicate. STAMENS : 4-6, filaments free, flat and broad, connective slender, thecae oblong-ovate, dehiscing by apical slit. POLLEN : monosulcate, ellipsoid, medium-sized (mean 29 µm., range 28-30 µm.), exine foveolate, apertural exine psilate. GYNOECIUM : 1-locular, ovules 1-many, campylotropous to subamphitropous, placenta basal to parietal, style short or inconspicuous, stigma subhemispheric, exuding droplet at anthesis. BERRY : obovoid, 1-7-seeded, usually red when mature, bearing remnants of stigma (in C. cuspidispathum ripe berries are extruded and dangle on strips of tepal epidermis; A. Hay pers. comm.). SEED : reniform to orbicular to helically twisted, cristate, warty or smooth, embryo curved, endosperm present.
- Diagnostic
- Medium-sized to gigantic helophytes with thick, condensed, creeping rhizomes; petiole spiny, with spines all up-turned or both straight and up-turned, geniculate apically; leaf blade deeply sagittate to hastate-sagittate or ± tripartite, fine venation reticulate; flowers bisexual, perigoniate. Differs from African Lasimorpha in having petiole spines dispersed or in oblique combs, stamen filaments free, lacking stolons and in its tropical Asian to Oceania range. Differs from Lasia in non-spiny internodes and absence of subdivisions of leaf anterior lobe.
Images
Distribution
Native to:
Borneo, Caroline Is., Cook Is., Fiji, Gilbert Is., Jawa, Malaya, Marquesas, Marshall Is., New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Society Is., Solomon Is., Sumatera
Introduced into:
Line Is., Nauru, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna Is.
Accepted Species
- Cyrtosperma beccarianum A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma bougainvillense A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma brassii A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma carrii A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma cuspidispathum Alderw.
- Cyrtosperma giganteum Engl.
- Cyrtosperma gressittiorum A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma hambalii A.Dearden & A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma johnstonii (W.Bull ex T.Moore & Mast.) N.E.Br.
- Cyrtosperma kokodense A.Hay
- Cyrtosperma macrotum Becc. ex Engl.
- Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott
Synonyms
Other Data
Cyrtosperma Griff. appears in other Kew resources:
Bibliography
First published in Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 149 (1851)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- F.T.A. 8: 197.
- Notul. 3: 149 (1851)
- Notul. 3: t. 169 (1851)
Sources
CATE Araceae
Haigh, A., Clark, B., Reynolds, L., Mayo, S.J., Croat, T.B., Lay, L., Boyce, P.C., Mora, M., Bogner, J., Sellaro, M., Wong, S.Y., Kostelac, C., Grayum, M.H., Keating, R.C., Ruckert, G., Naylor, M.F. and Hay, A., CATE Araceae, 17 Dec 2011.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China
The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0