- Family: Brassicaceae Burnett
- Genus: Brassica L.
Brassica rapa L.
- Genus: Brassica L.
This species is accepted, and its native range is Central & E. Medit. to Iran and Arabian Peninsula, NE. Tropical Africa. It is used to treat infection, blood system disorders and genitourinary system disorders, as a vegetable and for food.
Descriptions
According to Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
[UPB]The Useful Plants of Boyacá project
- Habit
- Herb.
- Ecology
- Alt. 1000 - 4200 m.
- Distribution
- Introduced and naturalised in Colombia.
According to Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
[CPLC]Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co
- Distribution
- Naturalizada y adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 1000 - 4200 m.; Andes, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Valle del Cauca.
- Habit
- Hierba
- Conservation
- No Evaluada
According to Flora Zambesiaca
[FZ]Cruciferae, A. W. Exell. Flora Zambesiaca 1:1. 1960
- Habit
- Annual or biennial herb with stout or tuberous tap-root.
- Leaves
- Basal leaves stalked, bristly, lyrate-pinnatifid, upper ones sessile, amplexicaul, ± glaucous.
- Flowers
- Flowers bright yellow, in terminal racemes.
- Calyx
- Sepals spreading.
- Corolla
- Petals 4, 6–10 mm. long.
- Stamens
- Stamens 6.
- Fruits
- Silique curved, erect, slightly flattened with a long, tapering beak.
- Seeds
- Seeds 1–5–2 mm. in diam., blackish or reddish-brown.
According to Flora of Tropical East Africa
[FTEA]Cruciferae, Bengt Jonsell (University of Stockholm). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1982
- Habit
- Annual or biennial herb with thin or stout, often fusiform to tuberous taproot.
- Stem
- Stem erect, branched, glabrous or slightly hispid below (rarely higher up), up to 150 cm. high.
- Leaves
- Basal leaves ± indistinctly petioled, bright green, hispidulous, lyrate-pinnatipartite, dentate, crenate or sinuate; terminal lobe large, orbicular to ovate, obtuse, cordate; lateral lobes in up to 5 pairs, rather small, ovate to triangular; lower cauline leaves sessile, clasping, pinnatifid; upper cauline leaves ± glaucous, sessile, distinctly clasping, undivided (fiddle-shaped, narrowly triangular or lanceolate), entire to repand-dentate.
- Inflorescences
- Racemes loosely corymbiform with open flowers overtopping the buds; in fruit very elongate; pedicels 10–30 mm. long.
- Calyx
- Sepals yellow-green, spreading, 5–8 mm. long.
- Corolla
- Petals yellow, clawed, with obovate slightly emarginate blade, 6–11 mm. long.
- Anthers
- Anthers ± 2 mm. long.
- Ovary
- Ovary with 20–30 ovules.
- Fruits
- Siliquae linear, rarely on a gynophore, 40–100 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. broad; beak 5–30 mm. long with 0–1 seed.
- Seeds
- Seeds dark brown, globose, 1.0–1.5 mm. in diameter, with a fine distinct reticulum.
- Habitat
- Cultivated land, abandoned fields; 1500–2600 m.
- Distribution
- K3 K4 T2 T6 U2 worldwide as an escape from cultivationpure weed form mainly European
Uses
According to Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
[UPB]- Food
- 'Roots' - edible (Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
- Vegetables
- Flowers - Eaten as vegetables (Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
- Gene Sources
- Crop wild relatives which may possess beneficial traits of value in breeding programmes (State of the World's Plants 2016).
- Blood System Disorders
- Used in the treatment of anemia (Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
- Genitourinary System Disorders
- Used in the treatment of kidney stones (Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
- Infections & Infestations
- Used as an antimicrobial agent (Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
Images
Distribution
Native to:
Albania, Algeria, Bulgaria, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kriti, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Turkey, Yugoslavia
Extinct in:
Juan Fernández Is.
Introduced into:
Alabama, Alaska, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cape Provinces, Cayman Is., Central European Rus, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Cook Is., Corse, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East European Russia, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Falkland Is., Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Føroyar, Galápagos, Georgia, Germany, Gilbert Is., Great Britain, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Iowa, Ireland, Irkutsk, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuril Is., Labrador, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Masachusettes, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Mozambique, Nebraska, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, Society Is., Solomon Is., South Carolina, South China Sea, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Tristan da Cunha, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yakutskiya, Yukon, Zimbabwe
Synonyms
- Barbarea derchiensis S.S.Ying
- Brassica amplexicaulis Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Brassica antiquorum H.Lév.
- Brassica asperifolia Lam.
- Brassica brassicata A.Chev.
- Brassica briggsii Varenne
- Brassica campestris L.
- Brassica campestris f. auriculata (DC.) O.E.Schulz
- Brassica campestris var. sarson Prain
- Brassica celerifolia (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Y.Z.Lan & T.Y.Cheo
- Brassica chinensis L.
- Brassica chinensis var. dentata (Matsum. & Nakai) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis f. hiroshimana (Makino) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis f. komatsuna (Matsum. & Nakai) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis var. musifolia (Makino) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis var. narinosa (Bailey) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis f. osakana (Makino) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis f. piaoh-tsai (Kitam.) M.Hiroe
- Brassica chinensis var. rosularis Tsen & S.H.Lee
- Brassica chinensis f. youngtungtsai (Kitam.) M.Hiroe
- Brassica colza H.Lév.
- Brassica dubiosa L.H.Bailey
- Brassica napella Chaix
- Brassica narinosa L.H.Bailey
- Brassica nipposinica L.H.Bailey
- Brassica nipposinica var. laciniifolia L.H.Bailey
- Brassica oleronensis A.Sav. ex Foucaud
- Brassica parachinensis L.H.Bailey
- Brassica pekinensis var. cephalata Tsen & S.H.Lee
- Brassica pekinensis var. cylindrica Tsen & S.H.Lee
- Brassica pekinensis var. laxa Tsen & S.H.Lee
- Brassica perfoliata Crantz
- Brassica perviridis (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey
- Brassica pseudocolza H.Lév.
- Brassica rapa subsp. afghanica (Sinskaya) Shebalina
- Brassica rapa var. alborosea Shebalina
- Brassica rapa var. amplexicaulis Yo.Tanaka & Ono
- Brassica rapa subsp. campestris (L.) A.R.Clapham
- Brassica rapa var. cephalata (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa convar. cephalata (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos
- Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. communis (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. cylindrica (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa subsp. dichotoma (Roxb. ex Fleming) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. dichotoma (Roxb. ex Fleming) Kitam.
- Brassica rapa var. dissecta (O.E.Schulz) Gladis
- Brassica rapa convar. europea Shebalina
- Brassica rapa var. hybrida Shebalina
- Brassica rapa var. intermedia Shebalina
- Brassica rapa subsp. japonica Shebalina
- Brassica rapa var. laxa (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. lorifolia L.H.Bailey
- Brassica rapa subsp. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) Kitam.
- Brassica rapa subsp. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) Kitam.
- Brassica rapa var. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg.
- Brassica rapa var. parachinensis (Bailey) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa subvar. pe-tsai (L.H.Bailey) Kitam.
- Brassica rapa var. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Kitam.
- Brassica rapa var. perviridis L.H.Bailey
- Brassica rapa var. rosularis (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. rubra (Sinskaya) Shebalina
- Brassica rapa subsp. sarson (Prain) Denford
- Brassica rapa var. septiceps L.H.Bailey
- Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris (Lam.) Janch.
- Brassica rapa subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) Hanelt
- Brassica rapa var. violascens Shebalina
- Brassica sativa var. campestris (L.) Clavaud
- Brassica sativa var. rapa (L.) Clavaud
- Brassica septiceps (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey
- Brassica sphaerorhiza Gray
- Brassica trilocularis Hook.f. & Thomson
- Brassica trimestris Boenn.
- Brassica tuberosa Salisb.
- Caulanthus sulfureus Payson
- Crucifera rapa E.H.L.Krause
- Napus campestris (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.
- Napus rapa (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.
- Rapa oblonga Mill.
- Raphanus amplexicaulis Viv.
- Raphanus campestris (L.) Crantz
- Raphanus rapa (L.) Crantz
- Sinapis auriculata DC.
- Sinapis campestris Besser
- Sinapis dichotoma Roxb.
- Sinapis pekinensis Lour.
- Sinapis rapa Brot.
- Sinapis trilocularis Roxb.
- Sinapis tuberosa Poir.
Common Names
- Spanish
- Nabos.
Other Data
Brassica rapa L. appears in other Kew resources:
Herbarium Catalogue (16 records)
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dec 1, 2000 | Cable, S. [3046], Cameroon | K000337523 | ||
Savatier [s.n.], France | K000653816 | |||
Savatier [s.n.], France | K000653817 | |||
Briggs, T.R. [78c], Great Britain | K000653813 | |||
Briggs, T.R. [78c], Great Britain | K000653815 | |||
Briggs, T.R. [s.n.], Great Britain | K000653814 | |||
Prain, D. [s.n], India | Brassica campestris var. sarson | K000247162 | Unknown type material | |
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 4791], India | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039911 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039904 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039905 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039906 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039907 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039908 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039909 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791], India | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039910 | ||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 4791] | Sinapis dichotoma | K001039912 |
Bibliography
First published in Sp. Pl.: 666 (1753)
Accepted by
- Danton, P. & Perrier, C. (2017). Suppressions and additions to the flora of the Juan Fernández archipelago (Chile) Botany Letters 164: 351-360.
- Sykes, W.R. (2016). Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii.
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- Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
- Bailey, C. & al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee press.
- Gutiérrez, J. & Solano, E. (2014). Afinidades florísticas y fitogeográficas de la vegetación del municipio de San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, México Acta Botanica Mexicana 107: 27-65. Instituto de Ecología A.C.
- Cossu, T.A, Camarda, I. & Brundu, G. (2014). A catalogue of non-native weeds in irrigated crops in Sardinia (Italy) Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 69: 145-156.
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- Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
- Allred, K.W. (2012). Flora Neomexicana, ed. 2, 1: 1-599. Range Science Herbarium, Las Cruces, New Mexico.
- López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
- Singh, A. (2012). Exotic flora of the Chandauli district Uttar Pradesh, India: an overview Indian Journal of Forestry 35: 79-84.
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- Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
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Literature
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
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Kew Backbone Distributions
- Danton, P. & Perrier, C. (2017). Suppressions and additions to the flora of the Juan Fernández archipelago (Chile) Botany Letters 164: 351-360.
- Jaramillo Díaz, P. & Guézou, A. (2017). CDF Checklist of Galapagos Vascular Plants - FCD Lista de especies de Plantas Vasculares de Galápagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checklists/vascular-plants/.
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- Gilman, A.V. (2015). New flora of Vermont Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 110: 1-614.
- Ackerfield, J. (2015). Flora of Colorado: 1-818. BRIT Press.
- Bailey, C. & al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee press.
- Gutiérrez, J. & Solano, E. (2014). Afinidades florísticas y fitogeográficas de la vegetación del municipio de San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, México Acta Botanica Mexicana 107: 27-65. Instituto de Ecología A.C.
- Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
- Mohlenbrock, R.H. (2014). Vascular Flora of Illinois. A Field Guide, ed. 4: 1-536. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.
- Garcillán, P.P. & al. (2013). Plantas no nativas naturalizadas de la península de Baja California, México Botanical Sciences 91: 461-475.
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- López Patiño, E.J., Szeszko, D.R., Rascala Pérez, J. & Beltrán Retis, A.S. (2012). The flora of the Tenacingo-Malinalco-Zumpahuacán protected natural area, state of Mexico, Mexico Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 65-167.
- Singh, A. (2012). Exotic flora of the Chandauli district Uttar Pradesh, India: an overview Indian Journal of Forestry 35: 79-84.
- Danihelka, J. Chrtek, J. & Kaplan, Z. (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic Preslia. Casopsi Ceské Botanické Spolecnosti 84: 647-811.
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
- Marhold, K. (ed.) (2012). IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 13 Taxon 61: 889-902.
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- Lazkov, G.A. & Sultanova, B.A. (2011). Checklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan Norrlinia 24: 1-166.
- Monro, A.K., González, F., Santamaría, D., Chacón, O., Rodríguez, A., Solano, D. Zamora, N. & Correa, M. (2011). A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama Phytotaxa 322: 1-283.
- Idárraga-Piedrahita, A., Ortiz, R.D.C., Callejas Posada, R. & Merello, M. (eds.) (2011). Flora de Antioquia: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares 2: 1-939. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
- Kral, R., Diamond, A.R., Ginzbarg, S.L., Hansen, C.J., Haynes, R.R., Keener, B.R., Lelong, M.G., Spaulding, D.D. & Woods, M. (2011). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama: 1-112. Botanical reseach institute of Texas.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2010). Flora of North America North of Mexico 7: 1-797. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
- Aistova, E. (2009). Check-list of adventive flora of Amur region Turczaninowia 12(1-2): 17-40.
- Gremmen, N. & Halbertsma, R.L. Gremmen, N. & Halbertsma, R.L. (2009). Alien plants and their impact on Tristan da Cunha 2: 1-307. Overseas Territories Environment Programme (OTEP).
- GBIF (2008-continuously updated). Global Biodiversity Information Facility http://www.gbif.org/.
- Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
- Zuloaga, F.O., Morrone, O. , Belgrano, M.J., Marticorena, C. & Marchesi, E. (eds.) (2008). Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 107: 1-3348. Missouri Botanical Garden.
- Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
- Ebel, A. (2005). Review of Brassicaceae family in the flora of Khakassia Turczaninowia 8(1): 11-38.
- Jones, R.L. (2005). Plant life of Kentucky. An illustrated guide to the vascular flora: 1-833. The universitry press of Kentucky.
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Sources
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Useful Plants of Boyacá Project
ColPlantA database
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/