- Family: Cactaceae Juss.
Opuntia Mill.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is New World.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Stem
- Stems with cylindrical, club-shaped, subglobose or flattened joints
- Areoles
- Areoles tufted with irritant barbed bristles and usually 1 to many spines
- Leaves
- Leaves small, soon falling
- Flowers
- Flowers solitary, sessile, brightly coloured
- Fruits
- Berry with areoles, bristles and sometimes spines
- Seeds
- Seeds with aril.
- Distribution
- Some 150 species in America, some widely naturalized elsewhere.
[FTEA]
Cactaceae, R. Hunt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1968
- Habit
- Shrubby or arborescent cacti with cylindrical, club-shaped, subglobose or flattened branches
- Areoles
- Areoles tufted with barbed bristles (glochids) and usually 1–∞ longer stouter spines
- Leaves
- Leaves small, subulate to terete, usually early deciduous
- Flowers
- Flowers solitary, sessile; perianth rotate or erect,brightly coloured, segments ∞
- Ovules
- Ovules circinotropous (the funicles circinnate)
- Fruits
- Berry bearing areoles, glochids, and sometimes spines
- Seeds
- Seeds ∞, encased by the hard, white funicular aril; endosperm scanty
- Distribution
- A large genus distributed naturally throughout the Americas from British Columbia to the Strait of Magellan
- Note
- Widely introduced in the warmer parts of the world, some species as food-plants for the cochineal insect, some for forage or for their edible fruits.
Native to:
Alabama, Alberta, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Aruba, Bolivia, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, California, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Costa Rica, Cuba, Delaware, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Florida, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Kansas, Kentucky, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Netherlands Antilles, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Nicaragua, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saskatchewan, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming
Introduced into:
Albania, Algeria, Andaman Is., Angola, Ascension, Assam, Austria, Bahamas, Baleares, Bangladesh, Benin, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Cayman Is., Central European Rus, China South-Central, China Southeast, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, East Aegean Is., Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Free State, Gambia, Great Britain, Greece, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Iraq, Italy, Kenya, Korea, Kriti, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Libya, Madagascar, Madeira, Malaya, Mauritius, Morocco, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Netherlands, New Caledonia, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Palestine, Portugal, Queensland, Rodrigues, Rwanda, Réunion, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sicilia, Somalia, South Australia, South China Sea, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan, Swaziland, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tibet, Tunisia, Turkey, Turks-Caicos Is., Victoria, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaïre
- Opuntia abjecta Small ex Britton & Rose
- Opuntia aciculata Griffiths
- Opuntia × aequatorialis Britton & Rose
- Opuntia × alta Griffiths
- Opuntia altomagdalenensis Xhonneux
- Opuntia amarilla Griffiths
- Opuntia anahuacensis Griffiths
- Opuntia × andersonii H.M.Hern., Gómez-Hin. & Bárcenas
- Opuntia arechavaletae Speg.
- Opuntia atrispina Griffiths
- Opuntia auberi Pfeiff.
- Opuntia aurantiaca Lindl.
- Opuntia aurea E.M.Baxter
- Opuntia aureispina (S.Brack & K.D.Heil) Pinkava & B.D.Parfitt
- Opuntia austrina Small
- Opuntia azurea Rose
- Opuntia basilaris Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow
- Opuntia bonplandii (Kunth) F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia bravoana E.M.Baxter
- Opuntia canina Speg.
- Opuntia caracassana Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia × carstenii R.Puente & C.Hamann
- Opuntia cespitosa Raf.
- Opuntia chaffeyi Britton & Rose
- Opuntia × charlestonensis Clokey
- Opuntia chiangiana Scheinvar & Manzanero
- Opuntia chisosensis (M.S.Anthony) D.J.Ferguson
- Opuntia chlorotica Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow
- Opuntia clarkiorum Rebman
- Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill.
- Opuntia × cochinera Griffiths
- Opuntia × coloradensis D.J.Barnett & Donnie Barnett
- Opuntia × columbiana Griffiths
- Opuntia crassa Haw.
- Opuntia crystalenia Griffiths
- Opuntia cubensis Britton & Rose
- Opuntia curassavica (L.) Mill.
- Opuntia × curvispina Griffiths
- Opuntia deamii Rose
- Opuntia × debreczyi Szutorisz
- Opuntia decumbens Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia dejecta Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia delafuentiana Martínez-Gonz., Luna-Vega, Gallegos & García-Sand.
- Opuntia × demissa Griffiths
- Opuntia depressa Rose
- Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw.
- Opuntia discolor Britton & Rose
- Opuntia drummondii Graham
- Opuntia × edwardsii V.E.Grant & K.A.Grant
- Opuntia eichlamii Rose
- Opuntia elata Link & Otto ex Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia elatior Mill.
- Opuntia elizondoana E.Sánchez & Villaseñor
- Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm.
- Opuntia escuintlensis (Matuda) Lodé
- Opuntia excelsa Sánchez-Mej.
- Opuntia feroacantha Britton & Rose
- Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.
- Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.
- Opuntia fuliginosa Griffiths
- Opuntia galapageia Hensl.
- Opuntia gallegiana Scheinvar & Olalde
- Opuntia gosseliniana F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia guatemalensis Britton & Rose
- Opuntia guilanchii Griffiths
- Opuntia hitchcockii J.G.Ortega
- Opuntia hondurensis Standl.
- Opuntia howeyi J.A.Purpus
- Opuntia huajuapensis Bravo
- Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf.
- Opuntia hyptiacantha F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia inaequilateralis A.Berger
- Opuntia inaperta (Schott ex Griffiths) D.R.Hunt
- Opuntia jaliscana Bravo
- Opuntia lagunae E.M.Baxter
- Opuntia lasiacantha Pfeiff.
- Opuntia leucotricha DC.
- Opuntia littoralis (Engelm.) Cockerell
- Opuntia lutea (Rose) D.R.Hunt
- Opuntia macrocentra Engelm.
- Opuntia macrorhiza Engelm.
- Opuntia mantaroensis Guiggi
- Opuntia matudae Scheinvar
- Opuntia maxima Mill.
- Opuntia megapotamica Arechav.
- Opuntia megarrhiza Rose
- Opuntia mesacantha Raf.
- Opuntia microdasys (Lehm.) Pfeiff.
- Opuntia militaris Britton & Rose
- Opuntia monacantha Haw.
- Opuntia nemoralis Griffiths
- Opuntia × occidentalis Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow
- Opuntia ochrocentra Small ex Britton & Rose
- Opuntia olmeca Pérez Crisanto, J.Reyes & F.Brachet
- Opuntia orbiculata Salm-Dyck ex Pfeiff.
- Opuntia oricola Philbrick
- Opuntia pachyrrhiza H.M.Hern., Gómez-Hin. & Bárcenas
- Opuntia parviclada S.Arias & Gama
- Opuntia peckii J.A.Purpus
- Opuntia perotensis Scheinvar, Olalde & Gallegos
- Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.
- Opuntia pilifera F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia pinkavae B.D.Parfitt
- Opuntia pittieri Britton & Rose
- Opuntia polyacantha Haw.
- Opuntia pottsii Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia preciadoae Scheinvar, Olalde, Gallegos & J.Morales S.
- Opuntia puberula Pfeiff.
- Opuntia pubescens H.L.Wendl. ex Pfeiff.
- Opuntia pycnantha Engelm.
- Opuntia quimilo K.Schum.
- Opuntia quitensis F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia rastrera F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia repens Bello
- Opuntia retrorsa Speg.
- Opuntia ritteri A.Berger
- Opuntia robinsonii J.G.Ortega
- Opuntia robusta H.L.Wendl. ex Pfeiff.
- Opuntia × rooneyi M.P.Griff.
- Opuntia rufida Engelm.
- Opuntia salmiana J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.
- Opuntia sanguinea Proctor
- Opuntia scheeri F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia schumannii F.A.C.Weber ex A.Berger
- Opuntia setocarpa Arreola-Nava, Guzm.-Hern. & Cuevas
- Opuntia soederstromiana Britton & Rose
- Opuntia × spinosibacca M.S.Anthony
- Opuntia spinulifera Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia stenarthra K.Schum.
- Opuntia stenopetala Engelm.
- Opuntia streptacantha Lem.
- Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.
- Opuntia strigil Engelm.
- Opuntia sulphurea G.Don ex Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia tapona Engelm. ex J.M.Coult.
- Opuntia tehuacana S.Arias & U.Guzmán
- Opuntia tezontepecana Gallegos & Scheinvar
- Opuntia tomentosa Salm-Dyck
- Opuntia tortispina Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow
- Opuntia triacanthos (Willd.) Sweet
- Opuntia tuna (L.) Mill.
- Opuntia tunoidea Gibbes
- Opuntia × vaseyi (J.M.Coult.) Britton & Rose
- Opuntia velutina F.A.C.Weber
- Opuntia wilcoxii Britton & Rose
- Opuntia zacuapanensis A.Berger
- Opuntia zamudioi Scheinvar
- Cactodendron Bigelow
- Chaffeyopuntia Fric & Schelle ex Kreuz.
- Clavarioidia Kreuz.
- Ficindica St.-Lag.
- Nopalea Salm-Dyck
- Phyllarthus Neck. ex M.Gomez
- Platyopuntia (Engelm.) Fric & Schelle ex Kreuz.
- Plutonopuntia P.V.Heath
- Salmiopuntia Fric ex Kreuz.
- Salmiopuntia Fric ex Guiggi
- Salmonopuntia P.V.Heath
- Tunas Lunell
Opuntia Mill. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ecuador | 44886.000 |
First published in Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. (1754)
Literature
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Gard. Dict., Abr. ed. 4 (1754)
Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Neotropikey
Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0