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This genus is accepted, and its native range is Tropics & Subtropics.
A specimen from Kew's Herbarium

[FZ]

Flora Zambesiaca. Vol 8, Pt 7. Avicenniaceae, R. Fernandes. Nesogenaceae, M.A. Diniz. Verbenaceae, R. Fernandes. Lamiaceae, R. Fernandes. 2005.

Morphology General
Perennial herbs or suffrutices with woody rootstocks, shrubs (often with arching stems), lianes or trees
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style terminal, slender, ± equalling the filaments; stigma exserted, 2-fid, the lobes equal short, slender, acute
Ecology
Some species are cultivated, mainly as ornamentals.
Note
Species introduced and cultivated as garden ornamentals in the Flora Zambesiaca area include the following, and are keyed out below.
Distribution
A genus with about 400 species (584 taxa fide Moldenke ), mainly in the Old World tropics and subtropics, but some in America and a few in temperate regions.
Morphology General Habit
Perennial herbs or suffrutices with woody rootstocks, shrubs (often with arching stems), lianes or trees.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves simple, opposite decussate or 3–4-verticillate, usually petiolate, caducous; lamina entire, undulate, dentate or crenate; petiole articulated, sometimes the lower part persisting as a woody spine. Leaves simple, opposite decussate or 3–4-verticillate, usually petiolate, caducous; lamina entire, undulate, dentate or crenate; petiole articulated, sometimes the lower part persisting as a woody spine
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers in lax or ± dense cymes grouped in axillary or terminal racemose, corymbose, paniculate or head-like ± compact inflorescences. Flowers in lax or ± dense cymes grouped in axillary or terminal racemose, corymbose, paniculate or head-like ± compact inflorescences
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx usually regular, campanulate to tubular or cup-shaped, ± deeply 5-lobed or truncate, sometimes 5-angled, usually persistent and accrescent in fruit. Calyx usually regular, campanulate to tubular or cup-shaped, ± deeply 5-lobed or truncate, sometimes 5-angled, usually persistent and accrescent in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla symmetrical in bud or, if asymmetrical, usually expanding abruptly on upper side due to resupination, actinomorphic; tube ± long, narrowly cylindrical or funnel-shaped; limb of 5 equal or subequal spreading or reflexed lobes, anterior corolla lobe only slightly (if at all) larger than the others. Corolla symmetrical in bud or, if asymmetrical, usually expanding abruptly on upper side due to resupination, actinomorphic; tube ± long, narrowly cylindrical or funnel-shaped; limb of 5 equal or subequal spreading or reflexed lobes, anterior corolla lobe only slightly (if at all) larger than the others
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4(5?) didynamous inserted on the corolla tube, usually long exserted, erect and subparallel or ± diverging; anthers versatile. Stamens 4(5?) didynamous inserted on the corolla tube, usually long exserted, erect and subparallel or ± diverging; anthers versatile
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Carpels
Carpels 2, each incompletely divided into 2 loculi; locules 1-ovulate. Carpels 2, each incompletely divided into 2 loculi; locules 1-ovulate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Style terminal, slender, ± equalling the filaments; stigma exserted, 2-fid, the lobes equal short, slender, acute.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit drupaceous, obovoid or globose, often 4-grooved, (2)4-lobed; mesocarp ± fleshy; endocarp bony or crustaceous, separated into four 1-seeded pyrenes or 2 pairs of pyrenes; seed without albumen. Fruit drupaceous, obovoid or globose, often 4-grooved, (2)4-lobed; mesocarp ± fleshy; endocarp bony or crustaceous, separated into four 1-seeded pyrenes or 2 pairs of pyrenes; seed without albumen.

[LKGF]

Harley, R.M. et al. (2004). Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

Morphology General Habit
Trees, lianas, shrubs, subshrubs and rarely perennial or annual herbs, often ill-scented
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite (rarely alternate or whorled), usually petiolate, simple, entire or toothed, rarely lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a terminal thyrse (usually lax, paniculiform or corymboid, less often capitate) or axillary cyme (occasionally reduced to solitary flower)
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers often resupinate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx usually actinomorphic, usually accrescent, often showy, 5-lobed (rarely 2-4-lobed or truncate)
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla variable in colour, actinomorphic to subactinomorphic, usually hypocrateriform, or 1-lipped with anterior lip present, but usually facing upward due to resupination, 5-lobed, anterior lobe sometimes slightly larger than others, corolla in bud symm
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, subequal to didynamous, exserted, filaments straight or arched (usually upward), anthers versatile, thecae parallel, separate at dehiscence
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
Pollen tricolpate (rarely 6-pantocolpate), with supratectal spinules, columellae branched to granular
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary unlobed to shallowly 4-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma lobes equal or subequal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disc usually poorly developed to absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit drupaceous with four 1-seeded pyrenes or a schizocarp with four fleshy (rarely dry), 1-seeded mericarps (or rarely two 2-seeded mericarps); endosperm absent.
Note
2n = 22-108 (most frequently 48 or 52; x = 12, 13). Four hundred to five hundred species
Distribution
Mostly paleotropical but some neotropical and a few temperate species

[FTEA]

Verbenaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1992

Morphology General Habit
Trees, shrubs or lianes or occasionally perennial herbs or pyrophytes with large woody rootstocks, sometimes with persistent spinescent petiole-bases often acting as scrambling aids
Morphology Leaves
Leaves simple, opposite or in whorls of 3–4, entire or toothed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers in lax cymes, extensive panicles or dense corymbs or heads, axillary or terminal, often appearing axillary but actually terminating abbreviated shoots, rarely solitary
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx often coloured and showy, campanulate to tubular, truncate to 5-toothed, often accrescent in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white, blue, violet (etc.) or red, almost regular or quite irregular; tube narrowly cylindrical, straight or curved, often widened towards throat, sometimes very long or only as long as calyx; limb spreading or reflexed, the anterior lobes larger than the posterior pairs
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4–5, didynamous, inserted in the corolla-tube, alternate with the lobes, usually long-exserted
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary imperfectly 4-locular, each locule with one lateral ovule
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Style terminal, elongate; stigma shortly 2-fid, exserted
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Drupes obovoid or globose, often 4-grooved and ± (2–)4-lobed; mesocarp ± fleshy; endocarps bony or crustaceous, smooth or rugose, separating into 4 pyrenes or 2 pairs of pyrenes; seeds with no albumen.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Trees, shrubs, lianes or subshrubs
Morphology Leaves
Leaves simple, opposite or in whorls of 3–4, entire or toothed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers in cymes arranged in panicles, corymbs, heads or clusters
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx campanulate to tubular, truncate to 5-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla almost regular; tube cylindrical; limb with spreading lobes, ± symmetrical in bud
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4–5, inserted in the corolla-tube, usually long-exserted; anthers versatile
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary imperfectly 4-celled, each cell with 1 lateral ovule; style terminal; stigma 2-fid, with equal lobes, exserted
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Drupes often 4-grooved or (2–)4-lobed; endocarp bony, separating into 4 stones or 2 pairs of stones.
Distribution
Some 300 species, mostly in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World.

[LKGF]
Use
Many species are used as ornamentals.

Native to:

Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Bismarck Archipelago, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil South, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Chad, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Congo, Cuba, East Himalaya, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kenya, Korea, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Manchuria, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Paraguay, Philippines, Qinghai, Queensland, Rodrigues, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Socotra, Solomon Is., Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuelan Antilles, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Alabama, Argentina Northwest, Ascension, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Caroline Is., Christmas I., Cook Is., Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fiji, Florida, Galápagos, Georgia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Marquesas, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, New Caledonia, New Zealand North, Nicaragua, Niue, North Carolina, Panamá, Peru, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Seychelles, Society Is., South Carolina, Texas, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Windward Is.

Clerodendrum L. appears in other Kew resources:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
Oct 1, 2012 Yii, P.C. [53547], Malaysia K000853683
Jan 1, 2005 Ambriansyah [3080], Indonesia K000785930
Dec 1, 2003 Ambriansyah [2666], Indonesia K000785928
Aug 1, 2003 Sidiyasa, K. [2816], Indonesia K000785927
Mar 1, 1999 Kessler, P.J.A. [2522], Indonesia K000785926
Dec 14, 1998 Yii, P.C. [69789], Malaysia K000785919
Jan 1, 1998 Acworth, J.M. [147], Cameroon K000011888
Jan 1, 1998 Fraser, P. [392], Cameroon K000011889
Jan 1, 1998 Sambuling, S. [66], Malaysia K000853652
Jan 1, 1997 Brass, L.J. [6025], Papua New Guinea K000804937 Unknown type material
Jan 1, 1997 Lamb, A. [174], Malaysia K000803639
Jan 1, 1995 Macedo, G.C. [19], Brazil K001218619
Jan 1, 1978 Carr, C.E. [15748], Papua New Guinea K000825668
Sep 26, 1972 Paie, I. [31569], Malaysia K000785921
Frodin, D.G. [2737], New Guinea 63175.000
Sands, M.J.S. [7324], New Guinea K000172024
Johns, R.J. [7671], Indonesia K000825662
Schodde, R. [4555], Papua New Guinea K000825673
Millar, A.N. [NGF13821], Papua New Guinea K000825675
Smith, L.S. [NGF1180], Papua New Guinea K000825678
Schodde, R. [1570], Papua New Guinea K000825693
Pullen, R. [8161], Papua New Guinea K000825700
McKee, H.S. [1685], Indonesia K000825701
Brass, L.J. [29246], Papua New Guinea K000825703
Darbyshire, P.J. [224], Papua New Guinea K000825706
Floyd, A.G. [6654], Papua New Guinea K000825710
Kessler, P. [2297], Indonesia K000785929
Kessler, P. [1659], Indonesia K000785931
Kalat, A. [17309], Brunei K000785935
Mogea, J.P. [3484], Indonesia K000785939
Sundaling, D. [135314], Malaysia K000785942
Kostermans, A. [21652], Indonesia K000785943
Clemens, J. [21782], Malaysia K000785923
Pannell, C.M. [1849], Indonesia K000803632
Wilde, W. de [14467], Indonesia K000803633
Kato, M. [1174], Malaysia K000803638
Anderson, J.A.R. [7794], Malaysia K000803642
Rahmat Si Boeea [5974], Indonesia K000803650
Verboom, W.C. [10], Indonesia K000803657
Gaerlan, F.M. [2787], Philippines K000804677
Streimann, H. [NGF26200], Papua New Guinea K000804948
Schodde, R. [1570], Papua New Guinea K000804951
Brass, L.J. [7864], Papua New Guinea K000804953
Millar, A.N. [NGF14469], Papua New Guinea K000804955
Aet [339], Indonesia K000804958
Branderhorst, B. [74], Indonesia K000825718
Floyd, A.G. [6654], Papua New Guinea K000825709
Hoogland, R.D. [10256], Papua New Guinea K000825708
Harley, M. [TL2136], Madagascar K000853678
Pulle, A. [1227], Indonesia K000804950
Carr, C.E. [16362], Papua New Guinea K000825686
Jamree [76773], Malaysia K000785918
Reynoso, E. [7220], Philippines K000804678
Floyd, A. [6455], Papua New Guinea K000804949
Mahmud bin Sidek [6366], Malaysia K000784909
Tuen, E. [E43], Papua New Guinea K000825720
Docters van Leeuwen, W.M. [9015], Indonesia K000825670
Nooteboom, H.P. [5639], Indonesia K000785936
Webb, C.O. [3643], Indonesia K000803646
Docters van Leeuwen, W.M. [10078], Indonesia K000825677
Kostermans, A. [18319], Indonesia K000803635
Vink, W. [BW15341], Indonesia K000804954
Carr, C.E. [16071], Papua New Guinea K000825696
Gray, E. [NGF8008], Papua New Guinea K000825697
Madani, L. [111376], Malaysia K000803648
Gaerlan, F.M. [2978], Philippines K000804676
Mogea, J.P. [3808], Indonesia K000785940
Pleyte, D.R. [375], Indonesia K000825713
Thompson, S.A. [1403], Cameroon K000029641
Frodin, D. [UPNG603], Papua New Guinea K000825699
Carr, C.E. [16464], Papua New Guinea K000804952
Sayers, C.D. [NGF18026], Papua New Guinea K000825698
Zollinger, H. [2015], Indonesia K000785874
Aet [119a], Indonesia K000825725
Reynoso, E. [836], Philippines K000804673
Schodde, R. [4648], Papua New Guinea K000825724
Wheatley, J.I. [18], Cameroon K000011979
Craven, L.A. [1044], Papua New Guinea K000825712
Harley, M. [TL2136], Madagascar K000853673
Schodde, R. [2577], Papua New Guinea K000825665
Reksodihardjo, S. [622], Indonesia K000785986
Reynoso, E. [1300], Philippines K000804670
Branderhorst, B. [74], Indonesia K000825719
Pullen, R. [6619], Papua New Guinea K000825690
Pius, G. [117707], Malaysia K000803647
McKee, H.S. [1777], Indonesia K000825661
Sijde, H.A. v.d. [BW4170], Indonesia K000825716
Carr, C.E. [12109], Papua New Guinea K000804956
Burley, J.S. [2122], Indonesia K000803653
Sidwell, K. [97], Cameroon K000011981
Gaerlan, F.M. [3023], Philippines K000804674
Saigol, P. [90893], Malaysia K000803637
Henty, E.E. [NGF14753], Papua New Guinea K000825666
Schodde, R. [2295], Papua New Guinea K000825707
Brass, L.J. [25952], Papua New Guinea K000804947
Mohtar, A. [49541], Malaysia K000785917
Ndi [50351], Cameroon K000029640
Curtis, C. [50], Indonesia K000803656
Aet [407], Indonesia K000825689
Wilde, W. de [14891], Indonesia K000803651
Sumbing Jimpin [139279], Malaysia K000803641
Kessler, P. [1942], Indonesia K000785932
Henty, E.E. [NGF10550], Papua New Guinea K000804939
Othman, I. [57200], Malaysia K000785937
Gray, E.C. [NGF8129], Papua New Guinea K000825695
Henty, E.E. [NGF10697], Papua New Guinea K000825683
Womersley, J.S. [NGF7951], Papua New Guinea K000825705
Barbon [12361], Philippines K000804675
Carr, C.E. [15156], Papua New Guinea K000804961
Buwalda, P. [6867], Indonesia K000803655
Streimann, H. [LAE51567], Papua New Guinea K000825674
Brass, L.J. [13062], Indonesia K000804957
Wheatley, J.I. [483], Cameroon K000011989
Mogea, J.P. [809], Indonesia K000785938
Ridsdale, C.E. [NGF33437], Papua New Guinea K000825688
Barbon [2029], Philippines K000804666
Clemens, J. [20641], Malaysia K000785925
Womersley, J.S. [5049], Papua New Guinea K000825671
Yii, P.C. [64870], Malaysia K000785920
Henty, E.E. [NGF14753], Papua New Guinea K000825667
Pleyte, D.R. [665], Indonesia K000825722
Amin [108167], Malaysia K000803634
Aet [532], Indonesia K000825669
Streimann, H. [NGF39398], Papua New Guinea K000825676
Letouzey, R. [15144], Cameroon K000029643
Sijde, H.A. v.d. [BW4167], Indonesia K000825715
Ilias bin Paie [28570], Malaysia K000803652
Pereira, J.T. [549], Malaysia K000853649
Carr, C.E. [11839], Papua New Guinea K000804940
Mbani, J. M. [40], Cameroon K000011969
Latiff, A. [1667], Malaysia K000784908
Barbon [2053], Philippines K000804672
Womersley, J.S. [NGF37008], Papua New Guinea K000825691
Brass, L.J. [29246], Papua New Guinea K000825702
Carr, C.E. [12853], Papua New Guinea K000825711
Othman, I. [33714], Malaysia K000785922
Kostermans, A. [18731], Indonesia K000803643
Stone [10032], Papua New Guinea K000825680
Womersley, J.S. [NGF37008], Papua New Guinea K000825692
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. [9325], Cameroon K000029642
Henty, E.E. [NGF38743], Papua New Guinea K000825723
Kooy, C.W. [1009], Indonesia K000803649
Kairo, A. [NGF35625], Papua New Guinea K000804938
Barbon [2307], Philippines K000804669
Schodde, R. [2693], Papua New Guinea K000825684
Carr, C.E. [13990], Papua New Guinea K000825687
Pleyte, D.R. [375], Indonesia K000825714
Fuentes, R. [37217], Philippines K000804668
Barbon [2437], Philippines K000804667
Gillison, A.N. [NGF22245], Papua New Guinea K000825717
Sands, M.J.S. [6304], Indonesia K000825664
Aet [6], Indonesia K000825679
Johns, R.J. [7671], Indonesia K000825663
Darbyshire, P.J. [646], Papua New Guinea K000804941
Sumbing Jimpin [139267], Malaysia K000803640
Webb, C.O. [3442], Indonesia K000803644
Wheatley, J.I. [502], Cameroon K000011988
Millar, A.N. [NGF9972], Papua New Guinea K000825682
Schodde, R. [4474], Papua New Guinea K000825672
Carr, C.E. [16103], Papua New Guinea K000825694
Kostermans, A. [18256], Indonesia K000803636
Millar, A.N. [NGF35455], Papua New Guinea K000825685
Stone [5500], Philippines K000804671
Carr, C.E. [15155], Papua New Guinea K000804962
s.coll. [NGF4167], Papua New Guinea K000804946
Carr, C.E. [14758], Papua New Guinea K000804960
Anderson, J.A.R. [T23], Malaysia K000785934
Wilde, W. de [14114], Indonesia K000803654
Kessler, P. [2188], Indonesia K000785933
Havel, J.J. [NGF17288], Papua New Guinea K000825681
Clemens, J. [21783], Malaysia K000785924
Sayers, C.D. [NGF21707], Papua New Guinea K000825704
Aet [256], Indonesia K000804959
Strang, H. [45715], Brazil K001218620

First published in Sp. Pl.: 637 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Bramley, G.L.C. (2019). Flora Malesiana 23: 1-444. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
  • Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
  • Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Literature

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • B. Thomas in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 68: 1 (1936).
  • —F.T.A. 5: 292

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68 : 1–106 (1936).
  • Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 285 (1754).
  • Harley et al. in Kadereit (ed.), Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. (Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VII: 199 (2004).
  • Kadereit (ed.), Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. (Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VII: 199 (2004).
  • Moldenke in Rev. Fl. Ceylon 4: 407 (1983).
  • Rev. Fl. Ceylon 4 : 407 (1983)*.
  • Sp. Pl.: 637 (1753)
  • Thomas in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 1–106 (1936).

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 285 (1754)
  • Moldenke in Rev. Fl. Ceylon 4: 407 (1983) (very comprehensive generic synonymy etc.)
  • Sp. Pl.: 109 (1753)
  • Thomas in E.J. 68: 1–106 (1936)

Lamiaceae Key Genus Fact Sheets

  • B. Thomas, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 1-98 (1936).
  • Clerodendrum L., Sp. Pl. 2: 637 (1753)
  • Harley RM, Atkins S, Budantsev AL, Cantino PD, Conn BJ, Grayer R, Harley MM, de Kok RPJ, Krestovskaja T, Morales R, Paton AJ, Ryding O, and Upson T. 2004. Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Sp
  • L., Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 285 (1754)

Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Lamiaceae Key Genus Fact Sheets
Nina Davies, Gemma Bramley and Don Kirkup, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0