- Family: Poaceae Barnhart
Koeleria Pers.
[FTEA]
Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips And S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974
- Morphology General Habit
- Short tufted perennials, with or without rhizomes, sometimes annuals
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaf-blades usually very narrow
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence a spike-like panicle, often lobed or interrupted, glistening
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets (1–)2–8(–13)-flowered, all alike, the rhachilla produced and with or without a rudimentary lemma; glumes subequal or unequal, lanceolate, keeled, with hyaline margins, mostly subacute to acuminate; lemmas usually a little longer than the glumes, faintly 3–5(–7)-nerved with hyaline margins, usually acute to acuminate, with or without a short terminal awn; callus obscure, glabrous or almost so; stamens 3; stigmas 2.
[FZ]
Gramineae, E. Launert. Flora Zambesiaca 10:1. 1971
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets very shortly pedicelled, laterally compressed, (rarely 1) 2-many-flowered, muticous or awned; florets hermaphrodite or the uppermost one more or less reduced; rhachilla disarticulating above the glumes and between the florets, produced or often terminated by a reduced lemma, pubescent or glabrous.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes 2, unequal to subequal, persistent, subacute to acuminate or more rarely obtuse, with hyaline margins; the inferior 1-3-nerved; the superior 3-5-nerved.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma
- Lemmas almost always exceeding the glumes, 3-5 (rarely 7-)-nerved, the lateral nerves usually not very distinct, the middle nerve prominent and sometimes excurrent into a short mucro, both margins and apex hyaline; callus very short, glabrous or shortly pilose.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Palea
- Paleas shorter than or almost as long as the corresponding lemmas, 2-keeled, hyaline, with the apex 2-dentate.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Lodicules
- Lodicules 2, very small, hyaline.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
- Stamens 3.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
- Ovary glabrous; styles distinct, rather short; stigmas plumose, laterally exserted.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Caryopsis linear-oblong to oblong in outline, laterally compressed, of soft consistency, tightly embraced by the lemma; hilum basal, very minute.
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennials or annuals of varying habitats.
- Morphology Leaves Ligules
- Ligule a hyaline membrane.
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence a panicle, usually more or less contracted, rarely lax and open, usually almost cylindrical, often interrupted in the lower part, glabrous or hairy.
[GB]
nonem
- Morphology General Habit
- Perennial. Rhizomes absent (23/45), or short (17/45), or elongated (6/45). Culms erect (35/44), or geniculately ascending (11/44), or decumbent (1/44); slender (1/1); 4-36.92-100 cm long. Lateral branches lacking (11/11). Leaf-sheath auricles absent (45), or erect (1). Ligule an eciliate membrane (38), or a ciliolate membrane (8). Leaf-blades filiform (7), or linear (43); stiff (15), or firm (30), or flaccid (1). Leaf-blade margins cartilaginous (3/3).
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence a panicle; exserted, or embraced at base by subtending leaf (2). Panicle open (1), or contracted (8), or spiciform (41), or capitate (1). Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile (1), or pedicelled (45). Pedicels linear (1/5), or oblong (4/5).
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
- Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets (1), or 2 fertile florets (43), or 3 fertile florets (31), or 4 fertile florets (6); with a barren rhachilla extension (26), or with diminished florets at the apex (29). Spikelets lanceolate (2/45), or elliptic (2/45), or oblong (16/45), or obovate (20/45), or cuneate (12/45); laterally compressed; 2-5.25-10 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes glabrous (8), or sparsely hairy (1), or pubescent (35), or pilose (3). Floret callus glabrous (1/10), or sparsely hairy (4/10), or pubescent (6/10).
- Fertile
- Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets (1), or 2 fertile florets (43), or 3 fertile florets (31), or 4 fertile florets (6); with a barren rhachilla extension (26), or with diminished florets at the apex (29). Spikelets lanceolate (2/45), or elliptic (2/45), or oblong (16/45), or obovate (20/45), or cuneate (12/45); laterally compressed; 2-5.25-10 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes glabrous (8), or sparsely hairy (1), or pubescent (35), or pilose (3). Floret callus glabrous (1/10), or sparsely hairy (4/10), or pubescent (6/10).
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
- Glumes persistent; shorter than spikelet (40), or reaching apex of florets (13); thinner than fertile lemma (1), or similar to fertile lemma in texture (45); parallel to lemmas (5), or gaping (41). Lower glume lanceolate (41), or elliptic (2), or oblong (5); 0.33-0.8391-1.1 length of upper glume; hyaline (1), or membranous (45); without keels (1), or 1-keeled (45); 1 -veined (37/42), or 2 -veined (2/42), or 3 -veined (7/42). Lower glume lateral veins absent (37), or distinct (11). Lower glume surface smooth (45), or asperulous (3); glabrous (44), or puberulous (2), or pubescent (5), or villous (1). Lower glume apex entire, or erose (1); obtuse (4), or acute (30), or acuminate (13), or attenuate (2); muticous (45), or mucronate (1). Upper glume lanceolate (21), or elliptic (5), or oblong (17), or ovate (3), or obovate (2); 0.66-0.955-1.25 length of adjacent fertile lemma; hyaline (1), or membranous (45); with undifferentiated margins (32), or hyaline margins (14); without keels (1), or 1-keeled (45); 3 -veined (40/40), or 4-7 -veined (1/40). Upper glume primary vein eciliate (44), or ciliolate (1), or ciliate (1). Upper glume surface smooth (45), or asperulous (3); glabrous (44), or puberulous (2), or pubescent (5), or villous (1). Upper glume apex entire, or erose (1); obtuse (4), or acute (34), or acuminate (9), or attenuate (2); muticous (44), or mucronate (3), or awned (1); 1 -awned (1/1).
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
- Fertile lemma lanceolate (6), or elliptic (10), or oblong (27), or ovate (2), or obovate (1), or oblanceolate (1); membranous (44), or chartaceous (2); of similar consistency on margins (32), or much thinner on margins (14); without keel (1), or keeled (45); 3 -veined (13/27), or 4 -veined (2/27), or 5 -veined (16/27). Lemma midvein without distinctive roughness (40), or scaberulous (1), or scabrous (5). Lemma lateral veins obscure (5/6), or distinct (1/6); stopping well short of apex (3/3). Lemma surface smooth (37), or asperulous (4), or scaberulous (4), or scabrous (3); glabrous (34), or puberulous (8), or pubescent (4), or pilose (2), or villous (1). Lemma apex entire (44), or dentate (3); 2 -fid (3/3); emarginate (1/45), or obtuse (5/45), or acute (31/45), or acuminate (15/45), or attenuate (4/45), or setaceously attenuate (4/45); muticous (28), or mucronate (12), or awned (18); 0 -awned (1/18), or 1 -awned (18/18). Principal lemma awn apical (10/26), or subapical (16/26); straight (25/26), or curved (2/26). Palea embraced by lemma (4), or gaping (42); 0.5-0.9462-1 length of lemma; hyaline (1), or membranous (45). Palea keels smooth (35), or scaberulous (7), or scabrous (4); eciliate (44), or ciliolate (2). Palea apex dentate (3/3); muticous (45), or with excurrent keel veins (1). Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped (29/29).
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
- Lodicules 2 (39/39); membranous (37/37); 2-toothed (9/9). Anthers 3 (45/45). Ovary glabrous (33/33).
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (28/28); fusiform (4/8), or ellipsoid (2/8), or oblong (1/8), or ovoid (1/8); laterally compressed (4/4). Embryo 0.2 length of caryopsis. Hilum elliptic (5/5); 0.2-0.225-0.25 length of caryopsis.
- Distribution
- Europe (20), or Africa (7), or Temperate Asia (17), or Tropical Asia (1), or Australasia (4), or Pacific (1), or North America (3), or South America (11), or Antarctica (1).
Doubtfully present in:
East Himalaya
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, California, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Central European Rus, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colorado, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Ethiopia, Falkland Is., France, Free State, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Illinois, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Louisiana, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Pennsylvania, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Qinghai, Québec, Romania, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Texas, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Extinct in:
Juan Fernández Is.
Introduced into:
Hawaii, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria
- Koeleria altaica (Domin) Krylov
- Koeleria antarctica (G.Forst.) Barberá, Quintanar, Soreng & P.M.Peterson
- Koeleria arduana (Edgar & A.P.Druce) Barberá, Quintanar, Soreng & P.M.Peterson
- Koeleria argentea Griseb.
- Koeleria asiatica Domin
- Koeleria askoldensis Roshev.
- Koeleria barbinodis (Trin.) Barberá, Quintanar, Soreng & P.M.Peterson
- Koeleria besseri Ujhelyi
- Koeleria biebersteinii M.G.Kalen.
- Koeleria boliviensis (Domin) A.M.Molina
- Koeleria brevis Steven
- Koeleria calderonii A.Molina
- Koeleria capensis (Thunb.) Nees
- Koeleria carolii Emb.
- Koeleria caudata (Link) Steud.
- Koeleria cenisia Reut. ex E.Rev.
- Koeleria cheesemanii (Hack.) Petrie
- Koeleria crassipes Lange
- Koeleria delavignei Czern. ex Domin
- Koeleria dersu Prob. & Prokop.
- Koeleria embergeri Quézel
- Koeleria eriostachya Pancic
- Koeleria fueguina Calderón ex Nicora
- Koeleria glauca (Spreng.) DC.
- Koeleria gubanovii Tzvelev
- Koeleria hirsuta Gaudin
- Koeleria × hungarica Domin
- Koeleria inaequaliglumis A.Molina
- Koeleria insubrica Brullo, Giusso & Miniss.
- Koeleria karavajevii Govor.
- Koeleria kurtzii Hack.
- Koeleria loweana Quintanar, Catalán & Castrov.
- Koeleria lucana Brullo, Giusso & Miniss.
- Koeleria luerssenii (Domin) Domin
- Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult.
- Koeleria mendocinensis (Hauman) Calderón ex Nicora
- Koeleria micrathera (É.Desv.) Griseb.
- Koeleria × mixta Domin
- Koeleria nitidula Velen.
- Koeleria novozelandica Domin
- Koeleria permollis Steud.
- Koeleria praeandina A.Molina
- Koeleria pyramidata (Lam.) P.Beauv.
- Koeleria rhodopea Ujhelyi
- Koeleria riguorum Edgar & Gibb
- Koeleria rodriguez-graciae Quintanar & Castrov.
- Koeleria skrjabinii Karav. & Tzvelev
- Koeleria splendens C.Presl
- Koeleria thonii Domin
- Koeleria tristis Domin
- Koeleria tzvelevii N.V.Vlassova
- Koeleria vallesiana (Honck.) Gaudin
- Koeleria ventanicola A.Molina
- Koeleria vurilochensis Calderón ex Nicora
Koeleria Pers. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hinton, G.B. [2317], México State | K000465762 | |||
Hinton, G.B. [2317], México State | K000465763 | |||
Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 3792], Nepal | K001117224 |
First published in Syn. Pl. 1: 97 (1805)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R.H.A. (2011). World checklist of selected plant families published update Facilitated by the Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- F.T.A. 10: 94 (1937).
- Domin in Biblio. Bot. 14 (65) (1907)
- Syn. Pl. 1: 97 (1805)
Flora Zambesiaca
- Syn, Pl. 1: 97 (1805).
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Domin in Bibl. Bot. 14 (65) (1907)
- Syn. Pl. 1: 97 (1805)
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0