- Family: Rutaceae Juss.
Citrus L.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Himalaya to S. Central & S. Japan and Australia.
[FZ]
Rutaceae, F. A. Mendoça. Flora Zambesiaca 2:1. 1963
- Habit
- Small trees or shrubs.
- Leaves
- Leaves 1-foliolate, with winged rhachis.
- Flowers
- Flowers bisexual, (4) 5-merous.
- Stamens
- Stamens numerous, in phalanges.
- Ovary
- Ovary (4) 5-many-locular; loculi 4–8-ovulate.
- Fruits
- Fruit a large globose or ovoid or obovoid hesperidium, many-seeded and usually composed of numerous carpels.
- Note
- No indigenous species of Citrus are found in our area but some of the cultivated species (especially C. limon (L.) Burm. f. and C. aurantium L.) may become naturalized. Dr. G. R. Bates has kindly provided the appended note on the cultivation of Citrus in the Federation.
[FTEA]
Rutaceae, J.O. Kokwaro (University of Nairobi). Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1982
- Habit
- Small evergreen shrubs or trees up to 10 m. high
- Leaves
- Leaves unifoliolate, with articulation between leaflet and petiole (except in C. medica); petiole normally winged
- Flowers
- Flowers single or in small clusters in leaf-axils, bisexual; calyx cup-shaped, 3–5-lobed; petals 4–8, normally 5, white; stamens numerous (20–40), in groups
- Ovary
- Ovary with 8–15 united carpels; locules 4–8-ovulate, with axile placentation
- Fruits
- Fruit a large globose, ovoid or obovoid berry known as a hesperidium, usually composed of many carpels, many-seeded.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Habit
- Evergreen shrubs or trees; axillary spines usually present
- Leaves
- Leaves 1-foliolate, usually with petiole winged and articulated at the tip, gland-dotted
- Flowers
- Flowers usually bisexual, axillary, sometimes clustered, fragrant
- Calyx
- Calyx 3–5-lobed
- Corolla
- Petals (4–)5(–8), white
- Stamens
- Stamens 20–60, in bundles
- Ovary
- Ovary of 8–18 united carpels, each cell with 4–8 axile ovules
- Fruits
- Fruit a leathery-skinned berry known as a “hesperidium”, segmented and filled with inflated hair-cells full of juice.
- Distribution
- Cultivated
- Note
- Some 16 species of Asian origin, most of which may be ancient apomictic hybrids. The taxonomy of the genus is complex and confusing and new hybrids are continuously being produced also involving species in other genera.
>
[FSOM]
- Use
- The citrus fruits are of great economic importance, but in Somalia only grapefruit, lemon and lime are grown to any larger extent.
Native to:
Assam, Bangladesh, Belize, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, Japan, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Northern Territory, Philippines, Queensland, Solomon Is., South Australia, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., West Himalaya
Introduced into:
Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Bahamas, Benin, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Cayman Is., Central American Pac, Chad, Christmas I., Colombia, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Galápagos, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, Honduras, Illinois, India, Italy, Jamaica, Korea, Leeward Is., Libya, Madeira, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Southeast, Mississippi, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Niue, Oman, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Rodrigues, Réunion, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Society Is., Socotra, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Tadzhikistan, Tennessee, Tibet, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Windward Is.
- Citrus assamensis R.M.Dutta & Bhattacharya
- Citrus × aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle
- Citrus × aurantium L.
- Citrus australasica F.Muell.
- Citrus australis (Mudie) Planch.
- Citrus cavaleriei H.Lév. ex Cavalerie
- Citrus deliciosa Ten.
- Citrus garrawayae F.M.Bailey
- Citrus glauca (Lindl.) Burkill
- Citrus gracilis Mabb.
- Citrus halimii B.C.Stone
- Citrus hystrix DC.
- Citrus indica Yu.Tanaka
- Citrus inodora F.M.Bailey
- Citrus japonica Thunb.
- Citrus khasya Markovitch
- Citrus latipes (Swingle) Yu.Tanaka
- Citrus × limon (L.) Osbeck
- Citrus lucida (Scheff.) Mabb.
- Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.
- Citrus medica L.
- Citrus neocaledonica Guillaumin
- Citrus oxanthera Beauvis.
- Citrus polyandra Yu.Tanaka
- Citrus × polytrifolia Govaerts
- Citrus swinglei Burkill ex Harms
- Citrus trifoliata L.
- Citrus undulata Guillaumin
- Citrus wakonai P.I.Forst. & M.W.Sm.
- Citrus warburgina F.M.Bailey
- Citrus wintersii Mabb.
- Aurantium Mill.
- Citreum Mill.
- × Citrofortunella J.W.Ingram & H.E.Moore
- × Citroncirus J.W.Ingram & H.E.Moore
- Citrophorum Neck.
- Eremocitrus Swingle
- Feroniella Swingle
- Fortunella Swingle
- Limon Mill.
- Microcitrus Swingle
- Oxanthera Montrouz.
- Papeda Hassk.
- Pleurocitrus Tanaka
- Poncirus Raf.
- Pseudaegle Miq.
- Sarcodactilis C.F.Gaertn.
Citrus L. appears in other Kew resources:
First published in Sp. Pl.: 782 (1753)
Accepted by
- Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2008). Flora of China 11: 1-622. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora Zambesiaca
- Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 341 (1754).
- Sp. Pl. 2: 782 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 2, (1999) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
- Townsend in Flora of Iraq 4(1): 465–473 (1980).
- Tanaka, Species problems in Citrus, Revisio Aurantiacearum IX (1954)
- Swingle, The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives, in Webber & Batchelor, The Citrus Industry 1: 129–474 (1943)
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 341 (1754)
- Sp. Pl.: 782 (1753)
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Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
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Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
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