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This genus is accepted, and its native range is Cosmopolitan.

[LKGF]

Harley, R.M. et al. (2004). Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

Morphology General Habit
Shrubs, subshrubs, or perennial herbs (rarely annual or biennial), often aromatic or ill-scented
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate, simple, margin entire, variously toothed or pinnately lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence an axillary cyme or paniculiform to spiciform thyrse, cymes often reduced to single flowers located in leaf axils or in bracteate racemes or heads
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx actinomorphic to 2-lipped, accrescent or not, 5-lobed, lobes all similar or posterior lobe different from other 4, or posterior, lateral and anterior lobes differentiated as distinct types, calyx-tube often ± gibbous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla highly variable in colour, usually 1-lipped with anterior lip present, rarely 2-lipped, 5-lobed, anterior lobe much larger than others, usually concave
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, didynamous, exserted, filaments arched or straight, thecae divaricate, usually confluent at dehiscence
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
Pollen operculate, usually with supratectal verrucae (rarely suprareticulate or partially psilate)
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary shallowly 4-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma-lobes equal or unequal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disc absent to well-developed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets obovoid to oblate or subglobose, usually reticulately ridged to alveolate, pubescent or glabrous, attachment-scar lateral, 0.3-0.8x as long as nutlet
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Endosperm
Endosperm usually present.
Note
2n = 10-104 (most frequently 26 or 32).  About 250 species. A number of sections have been recognized (Briquet 1895-97; Kästner 1989; Navarro and El Oualidi 1997).
Distribution
Subcosmopolitan but mostly extra-tropical, with centre of diversity in Mediterranean region.  Introduced to New Zealand

[FTEA]

Lamiaceae (Labiatae), A.J. Paton, G. Bramley, O. Ryding, R.M. Polhill, Y.B. Harvey, M. Iwarsson, F. Willis, P.B. Phillipson, K. Balkwill, C.W. Lukhoba, D.F. Otieno, & R.M. Harley. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2009

Morphology General Habit
Perennial herbs or shrubs, often strongly aromatic
Morphology Leaves
Leaves sessile to petiolate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence thyrsoid with cymes opposite and arranged in a raceme-like manner
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx campanulate, subequally 5-lobed to 2-lipped, persistent and sometimes accrescent in fruit
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla tube short and hairy in the throat, split dorsally to near base of tube giving a 1-lipped appearance; lip 5-lobed with the middle lobe largest
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending, arched out from the split corolla; anthers with thecae divergent, confluent to such an extent that the thecae are hard to distinguish
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disk indistinct to well developed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary shallowly 4-lobed; style subterminal, ± equalling filaments, bifid with equal or unequal lobes
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets obovoid to rounded, sometimes pubescent, with attachment scar covering 1/3– 2/3 of proximal side
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds usually with endosperm.

[FSOM]

M. Thulin. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1–4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Distribution
A cosmopolitan genus with about 250 species.
Morphology General Habit
Herbs or shrubs, with simple hairs (in Somali species)
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences raceme-like or spicate (in Somali species) or thyrse-like, lax or dense and often head-like; bracts large and leaf-like or distinctly smaller than the leaves; cymes 1-many-flowered; bracteoles absent (in Somali species)
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx 5-lobed; lobes subequal or upper 1–3 lobes slightly larger
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla 1-lipped, with a lower lip only; tube hairy in the throat; lip 5-lobed with the midlobe larger
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens directed to the dorsal side of the corolla-tube, well exserted beyond the mouth
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style-branches equally long or lower branch slightly longer
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets broadly ellipsoid, with the scar covering 1/3–2/3 of the proximal side, reticulate or reticulately rugose (in Somali species), often ± pubescent.

[FZ]

Flora Zambesiaca. Vol 8, Pt 7. Avicenniaceae, R. Fernandes. Nesogenaceae, M.A. Diniz. Verbenaceae, R. Fernandes. Lamiaceae, R. Fernandes. 2005.

Morphology General
Perennial herbs with few stems arising from a woody rhizome
Distribution
A genus of about 300 species, largely in the temperate areas of the world, concentrated in the Mediterranean region, but also found in the New World, Australia and South Africa.
Morphology General Habit
Perennial herbs with few stems arising from a woody rhizome.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite, decussate. Leaves opposite, decussate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence terminal, thyrsoid with cymes opposite and arranged in a raceme-like manner. Inflorescence terminal, thyrsoid with cymes opposite and arranged in a raceme-like manner
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers non-resupinate. Flowers non-resupinate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx green, campanulate, 5-lobed, persistent and slightly accrescent in fruit; lobes lanceolate. Calyx green, campanulate, 5-lobed, persistent and slightly accrescent in fruit; lobes lanceolate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white; tube short with a pubescent annulus at throat, split dorsally to near base of tube giving a 1-lipped appearance; lobes 5, all on anterior side, with the anterior lobe cucullate, elliptic, longer than the others; lateral and posterior lobes rounded. Corolla white; tube short with a pubescent annulus at throat, split dorsally to near base of tube giving a 1-lipped appearance; lobes 5, all on anterior side, with the anterior lobe cucullate, elliptic, longer than the others; lateral and posterior lobes rounded
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, attached to corolla tube, parallel, ascending, arched, exserted from split corolla, pubescent at base; anthers with thecae divergent, confluent to such an extent that the separate thecae are hard to distinguish. Stamens 4, attached to corolla tube, parallel, ascending, arched, exserted from split corolla, pubescent at base; anthers with thecae divergent, confluent to such an extent that the separate thecae are hard to distinguish
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary hairy, 2 carpellate, each carpel divided into 2 loculi; ovules one per locule. Ovary hairy, 2 carpellate, each carpel divided into 2 loculi; ovules one per locule
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disk indistinct. Disk indistinct
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
Style subterminal, ± equalling filaments, bifid with equal lobes. Style subterminal, ± equalling filaments, bifid with equal lobes
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit 4-lobed eventually splitting into 4 dry reticulate mericarps each containing a seed; mericarps conspicuously scarred with a areole where previously fused, pubescent at apex. Fruit 4-lobed eventually splitting into 4 dry reticulate mericarps each containing a seed; mericarps conspicuously scarred with a areole where previously fused, pubescent at apex
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds albuminous. Seeds albuminous.

[LKGF]

Harley, R.M. et al. (2004). Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

Morphology General Habit
Perennial herb or low shrub
Morphology Stem
Stems sharply quadrangular
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite, sessile, linear to narrowly elliptical, entire, strongly revolute
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a tight axillary cyme of (1-) 3-5 flowers
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx actinomorphic, not accrescent, 5-lobed, lobes subulate, apically recurved-uncinate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white, zygomorphic, 5-lobed, anterior lobe largest
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, equal or didynamous, included to slightly exserted, filaments straight, thecae divaricate, confluent at dehiscence
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
Pollen operculate, with supratectal verrucae
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary shallowly 4-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma-lobes equal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disc poorly developed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets obovoid-trigonal, reticulately ridged, pubescent, glandular, attachment-scar lateral, 0.6x as long as nutlet
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Endosperm
Endosperm present.
Note
One species, Oncinocalyx betchei F. Muell.
Distribution
Eastern Australia (Queensland, New South Wales).

[LKGF]

Harley, R.M. et al. (2004). Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

Morphology General Habit
Shrubs
Morphology Stem
Stems sharply quadrangular
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite, sessile or subsessile, elliptic to oblong or linear-lanceolate, entire, often caducous
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a tight axillary cyme of 1-3-flowers
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx actinomorphic, not accrescent, 5-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white, zygomorphic, not clearly lipped or 1-lipped and then only anterior lip present, 5-lobed, anterior lobe largest
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, didynamous, included to slightly exserted, filaments arched, thecae divaricate, confluent at dehiscence
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
Pollen operculate, with supratectal verrucae
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary shallowly 4-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma-lobes equal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disc absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Fruit drupaceous, globose, orange-red, pyrenes 4, 1-seeded, reticulately ridged
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Endosperm
Endosperm absent.
Note
Three species. Previously placed within "Chloanthoideae" (Prostantheroideae tribe Chloantheae), but probably closely related to Teucrium, Teucridium, and Oncinocalyx , with which it shares a distinctive pollen morphology (Abu-Asab and Cantino 1993).
Distribution
Australia.

[LKGF]

Harley, R.M. et al. (2004). Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

Morphology General Habit
Shrub, non-aromatic
Morphology Stem
Stems sharply quadrangular
Morphology Leaves
Leaves opposite, petiolate, broadly ovate to subrotund, entire or irregularly lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence of small flowers, axillary, usually solitary (occasionally in tight, few-flowered cymes)
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx actinomorphic, not accrescent, 5-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla white to pale blue, very small, 1-lipped with anterior lip present, 5-lobed, anterior lobe largest
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 4, didynamous, exserted, filaments arched, thecae divaricate, confluent at dehiscence
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pollen
Pollen operculate, with supratectal verrucae
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Ovary
Ovary unlobed or very shallowly 4-lobed
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Stigma
Stigma-lobes subequal
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc
Disc absent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Nutlets obovoid, rugose, pubescent, glandular, attachment-scar lateral, 0.7x as long as nutlet
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Endosperm
Endosperm absent.
Note
2n = 64.  One species, Teucridium parvifolium Hook. f.
Distribution
New Zealand.

Native to:

Afghanistan, Alabama, Albania, Algeria, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, Bulgaria, California, Cambodia, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Central European Rus, Chad, Chile Central, Chile North, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Florida, France, Free State, Galápagos, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Gulf States, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Illinois, India, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kirgizstan, Korea, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., Kuwait, KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Madeira, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mexican Pacific Is., Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Nicaragua, North Caucasus, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Norway, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, Socotra, Somalia, South Australia, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sumatera, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Tonga, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Turks-Caicos Is., Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Western Australia, Western Sahara, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yemen, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Azores, New Caledonia, Wallis-Futuna Is., West Virginia

Teucrium L. appears in other Kew resources:

First published in Sp. Pl.: 562 (1753)

Accepted by

  • Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Literature

Flora Zambesiaca

  • Harley et al. in Kadereit (ed.), Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. (Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VII: 201 (2004).
  • Kadereit (ed.), Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. (Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VII : 201 (2004).
  • F.S.A. 28 , 4: 9 (1985).
  • in F.S.A. 28, 4: 9 (1985).
  • Bothalia 12 : 177 (1977)
  • Codd in Bothalia 12: 177 (1977)
  • Fl. Cap. 5 , 1: 384 (1910).
  • Skan in Fl. Cap. 5, 1: 384 (1910).
  • F.T.A. 5 : 500 (1900).
  • J.G. Baker in F.T.A. 5: 500 (1900).
  • Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 247 (1754).
  • Sp. Pl.: 562 (1753)

Flora of Somalia

  • Flora Somalia, (2000) Author: by O. Ryding [updated by M. Thulin 2008]

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Kubitzki, Fam. Gen. Vasc. Pl. 7: 201 (2004)
  • Edinb. J. Bot. 55: 209–220 (1998)
  • Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 247 (1754)
  • Sp. Pl.: 562 (1753)

Lamiaceae Key Genus Fact Sheets

  • Harley RM, Atkins S, Budantsev AL, Cantino PD, Conn BJ, Grayer R, Harley MM, de Kok RPJ, Krestovskaja T, Morales R, Paton AJ, Ryding O, and Upson T. 2004. Labiatae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (K. Kubitzki, ed. in chief) VI: 167-275. Sp
  • Kinostemon Kudô, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 19: 1 (1929).
  • Botrys Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 138 (1869).
  • Monochilon Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 405 (1867).
  • Poliodendron Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3: 106 (1845).
  • Melosmon Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 85 (1837).
  • Monipsis Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 85 (1837).
  • Scorbion Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 85 (1837).
  • Trixago Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 85 (1837).
  • Iva Fabr., Enum.: 45 (1759), nom. illeg.
  • Scorodonia Hill, Brit. Herb.: 372 (1756).
  • Gen. Pl. ed. 5: 247 (1754).
  • Chamaedrys Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4 (1754).
  • Polium Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4 (1754).
  • Scordium Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4 (1754).
  • Teucrium L., Sp. Pl. 2: 562 (1753)

Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Lamiaceae Key Genus Fact Sheets
Nina Davies, Gemma Bramley and Don Kirkup, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0