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  1. Family: Cyperaceae Juss.
    1. Genus: Eleocharis R.Br.

      1. Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch.

        This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical Old World.

    [FTEA]

    Cyperaceae, K Hoenselaar, B. Verdcourt & H. Beentje. Hypolytrum, D Simpson. Fuirena, M Muasya. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2010

    Type
    Type: “India”, no further indication
    Habit
    Robust perennial 30–120 cm tall, with tufted culms from a contracted base.
    Culms
    Culms bright green, rounded (rarely quadrangular), hollow, 4–8 mm thick, septate at 3–10 cm intervals, contracted to 2–3 mm immediately below the inflorescence.
    Roots
    Roots orange, turning red-brown.
    Stolons
    Stolons white when young, to 30 cm long and to 6 mm across, with 5–8 mm long sheaths at the nodes.
    Leaf sheaths
    Sheaths to 1/2 or 1/3 of the culm height, ending in a triangular lobe
    Inflorescences
    Inflorescence a pale green cylindric spikelet 25–50 mm long, 2–6 mm across, narrower than the culm, sometimes aborting and leaving a scar; lowest glumes shorter than upper, most closely overlapping, green to pale brown with pale margin, 4–6 mm long, with wide transparent margin and rounded apex.
    Perianth
    Perianth of ± 7 long slender bristles with recurved spine-like teeth all over
    Stamens
    Stamens white, 3.
    Anthers
    Anthers elongate
    Style
    Style white, with 2–3 branches
    Fruits
    Nutlet 2–2 mm long excluding the long brown triangular appendage, smooth
    Figures
    Fig 7, p38
    Ecology
    Swamps, shallow parts of lakes, often in standing water; may be locally common or form pure stands; 0–2150 m
    Note
    The only Eleocharis in our area with transverse septa. This is a widespread species, cultivated in Asia: “Chinese water chestnut”.
    Distribution
    Range: Togo, Congo-Kinshasa, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa; Madagascar, Asia to Queensland and Polynesia Flora districts: U3 U4 K4 K7 T4 T6 T7 T8

    Images

    Distribution

    Native to:

    Andaman Is., Angola, Bangladesh, Botswana, Burkina, Cambodia, Caroline Is., Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Congo, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Japan, Jawa, Kenya, Korea, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Madagascar, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Marianas, Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nigeria, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Réunion, Samoa, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Uganda, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., Western Australia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

    Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch. appears in other Kew resources:

    Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
    Dec 3, 1985 Geesink, R. [7136], Thailand K000595200
    Kerr, A.F.G. [7063], Thailand K000595197
    Kerr, A.F.G. [2621], Thailand K000595206
    Kerr, A.F.G. [11289], Thailand K000595208
    Kerr, A.F.G. [11289], Thailand K000595207
    Hansen, B. [12375], Thailand K000595199
    Bidgood, S. [5170], Tanzania K000190398
    Collins, D.J. [1893], Thailand K000595198
    Niyondham, C. [1699], Thailand K000595201

    First published in Vita Rumphii: 186 (1833)

    Accepted by

    • Marais, W. & Araujo, A.C. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 202: 1-99. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
    • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
    • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
    • Lye, K.A. & Thery, P. (2012). Flore du Gabon 44: 1-230. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
    • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 23: 1-515. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
    • Hoenselaar, K., Verdcourt, B. & Beentje, H. (2010). Cyperaceae Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-466.
    • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
    • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
    • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
    • Govaerts, R. & Simpson, D.A. (2007). World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges: 1-765. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Catarino, L., Martins, E.S., Diniz, M.A. & Pinto-Basto, M.F. (2006). Check-list da flora vascular do parque natural das Lagos de Cufada (Guiné-Bissau) Garcia de Orta, Série de Botânica 17: 97-141.
    • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
    • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
    • Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
    • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
    • Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.

    Literature

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    • Marais, W. & Araujo, A.C. (2018). Flore des Mascareignes 202: 1-99. IRD Éditions, MSIRI, RBG-Kew, Paris.
    • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
    • Mostaph, M.K. & Uddin, S.B. (2013). Dictionary of plant names of Bangladesh, Vasc. Pl.: 1-434. Janokalyan Prokashani, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
    • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 23: 1-515. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
    • Hoenselaar, K., Verdcourt, B. & Beentje, H. (2010). Cyperaceae Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-466.
    • Lejoy, J., Ndjele, M.-B. & Geerinck, D. (2010). Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) Taxonomania. Revue de Taxonomie et de Nomenclature Botaniques 30: 1-307.
    • Pandey, R.P. & Dilwakar, P.G. (2008). An integrated check-list flora of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 32: 403-500.
    • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
    • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
    • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
    • Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
    • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
    • Morat, P. & Veillon, J.-M. (1985). Contributions à la conaissance de la végétation et de la flore de Wallis et Futuna Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section B, Adansonia 7: 259-329.
    • Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. (eds.) (1984). Flore Analytique du Togo Phanérogames: 1-751. GTZ, Eschborn.
    • Walker, E.H. (1976). Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu islands: 1-1159. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • Sedges & Rushes E. Afr.: 66, fig. 89 (1983).
    • Rhodora 41: 11 (1939)
    • Vita Rumph.: 186 (1833)

    Sources

    Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
    'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Plants and People Africa
    Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/