Borassus L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 1187 (1753)
This genus is accepted
The native range of this genus is Tropical & S. Africa, Madagascar, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.

Distribution

Native to:

Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Myanmar, New Guinea, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

China South-Central, Malaya, Mauritania, Socotra, Sulawesi, Thailand, Trinidad-Tobago

Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

Kew's Tree of Life Explorer

Discover the flowering plant tree of life and the genomic data used to build it.

View the Tree of Life
PAFTOL

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Bayton, R.P. (2007). A revision of Borassus L. (Arecaceae). Kew Bulletin 62: 561-586.
  • Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Govaerts, R. (1996). World Checklist of Seed Plants 2(1, 2): 1-492. MIM, Deurne.

Palmweb - Palms of the World Online

  • J. Dransfield & N. Uhl & C. Asmussen & W.J. Baker & M. Harley & C. Lewis, Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms. 2008

Kew Bulletin

  • Adanson, M. (1763). Familles des Plantes, Vol. 2. Vincent, Paris, France.
  • Aké Assi, L. & Guinko, S. (1996). Confusion de deux taxons spécifiques ou subspécifiques au sein du genre Borassus en Afrique de l'Ouest. In: L. J. G. van der Maesen, X. M. van der Burgt & J. M. van Medenbach de Rooy (eds), The biodiversity of African plants: proceedings XlVth AETFAT congress, pp. 773 - 779. Kluwer Academic, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • Arbonnier, M. (2002). Arbres, arbustes et lianes des zones sèches d'Afrique de l'Ouest, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
  • Backer, C. A. & Bakhuizen van den Brink, R. C. (1968). Flora of Java (Spermatophytes only), Vol. 3. Noordhof, Groningen, The Netherlands.
  • Bailey, F. M. 1902. The Queensland Flora, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Baillon, H. E. (1895). Histoire des Plantes. Monographie des Palmiers, Libraire Hachette, Paris, France.
  • Barfod, A., Banka, R. & Dowe, J. L. (2001). Field Guide to Palms in Papua New Guinea, AAU reports 40, Aarhus University Press, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Barot, S. & Gignoux, J. (1999). Population structure and life cycle of Borassus aethiopum Mart.: evidence of early senescence in a palm tree. Biotropica 31: 439 - 448.
  • Barrow, S. C. 1998. A revision of Phoenix L. (Palmae. Coryphoideae). Kew Bull. 53: 513 - 575.
  • Bayton, R. P. (2005). Borassus L. & the Borassoid Palms: systematics & evolution. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Reading, U.K.
  • Beccari, O. (1912 - 14). Palme del Madagascar, Istituto Micrografico Italiano, Florence, Italy.
  • Beentje, H. (1990). A reconnaissance survey of Zanzibar forests and coastal thickets. Prepared for the Department of Environment, Commission of Lands and Environment, under the Zanzibar Integrated Land Use Project of FINNIDA.
  • Bekele-Tesemma, A., Birnie, A. & Tengnäs, B. (1993). Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia. Regional Soil Conservation Unit & Swedish International Development Authority, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Bentham, G. & Hooker, J. D. (1883). Genera Plantarum, Vol. 3. L. Reeve & Co., London, U.K.
  • Blatter, E. (1912). The palms of British India and Ceylon, indigenous and introduced. Part 7. J. Bombay Nat Hist. Soc. 21: 912 - 968.
  • Blume, C. L. (1847). Rumphia, Vol. 3. Lugduni Batavorum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Bojer, W. (1837). Hortus Mauritianus, Aime Mamarot, Mauritius.
  • Brandis, D. (1874). The forest flora of north-west and central India. W. H. Allen & Co., London, U.K.
  • Burkill, H. M. (1997). The useful plants of West Tropical Africa, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K.
  • Burtt, B. D. & Salisbury, E. J. (1929). A record of fruits and seeds dispersed by mammals and birds from the Singida District of Tanganyika Territory. J. Ecol. 17:351 - 355.
  • Chevalier, A. (1935). Flore de L'Archipel (Les Iles du Cap Vert). Rev. Bot. App. 15: 733 - 1099.
  • Coates Palgrave, K. (2002). Trees of southern Africa, Ed. 3 (revised by M. Coates Palgrave). Struik Publishers, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Cooke, T. (1907). The Flora of the Bombay Presidency, Vol. 2. Taylor & Francis, London, U.K.
  • Dammer, C. L. U. (1901). Palmae (pp. 353 - 355). In: A. Engler, Berichte über die botanischen Ergebnisse der Nyassa-See und Kinga-Gebirgs- Expedition der Hermann- und Elise- geb. Heckmann-Wentzel-Stiftung, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 332 - 510.
  • Davis, T. A. & Johnson, D. V. (1987). Current utilization and further development of the Palmyra Palm (Borassus flabellifer L., Arecaceae) in Tamil-Nadu State, India. Econ. Bot. 41: 247 - 266.
  • Degener, O. & Degener, I. (1974). Flotsam and jetsam of Canton Atoll, South Pacific. Phytologia 28: 404 - 418.
  • Dransfield, J. (1976). Palm sugar in East Madura. Principes 20: 83 - 90.
  • Drude, C. G. O. (1887). Palmae. In: A. Engler & K. Prantl, Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, 2(3). Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Erdtman, G. (1969). Handbook of Palynology, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Exell, A. W. (1944). Catalogue of the vascular plants of São Tomé (with Principe and Annobon), British Museum (Natural History), London, U.K.
  • Ferguson, I. K., Havard, A. J. & Dransfield, J. (1986). The pollen morphology of the tribe Borasseae (Palmae: Coryphoideae). Kew Bull. 42: 405 - 422.
  • Fisher, J. B., Burch, J. N. & Noblick, L. R. (1996). Stem structure of the Cuban belly palm (Gastrococos crispa). Principes 40: 125 - 128.
  • Fox, J. J. (1977). Harvest of the Palm: ecological changes in eastern Indonesia, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
  • Furtado, C. X. (1970). Asian species of Hyphaene. Gard. Bull. Singapore 25: 299 - 309.
  • Gaertner, J. (1788). De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum, Vol. 1. Sumtibus Auctoris, Typis Academiae Carolinae, Stuttgart, Germany.
  • Gagnepain, F. & Conrard, L. P. H. (1937). Palmiers. In: Lecomte, H. Gagnepain, F. & Humbert, H. (eds), Flore générale de l'Indo-Chine, Vol. 6: 946 - 1056. Masson, Paris, France.
  • Gamble, J. S. (1922). A manual of Indian timbers, Ed. 2a, S. Low, Marston & Co., London, U.K.
  • Giseke, P. D. (1792). Prselectiones in Ordines Naturales Plantarum, B.G. Hoffmann, Hamburg, Germany.
  • Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K.
  • Griffith, W. (1851). Notulae ad Plantas Asiaticas, Vol. 3. C.A. Serrao, Calcutta, India.
  • Guinea Lopéz, E. (1946). Ensayo Geobotánico de la Guinea Continental Española, Dirección de Agricultura de los Territorios Españoles del Golfo de Guinea, Madrid, Spain.
  • Gunn, C. R. & Dennis, J. V. (1976). World guide to tropical drift seeds and fruits, Quadrangle, New York, U.S.A.
  • Henderson, A. (1986). A review of pollination studies in the Palmae. Bot. Rev. (London) 52: 221 - 259.
  • Henderson, S., Gomes, I., Gomes, S. & Baker, W. J. (2003). Phoenix in the Cape Verde Islands. Palms 47: 5 - 19.
  • Hepper, F. N. (1976). The West African herbaria of Isert and Thonning, Bentham-Moxon Trust & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K.
  • Hodel, D. (1998). Palms and Cycads of Thailand, Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.
  • Hutchinson, J. & Dalziel, J. M. (1936). Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London, U.K.
  • IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories: Version 3.1, IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K.
  • Jackson, B. D. (1894). in: J. D. Hooker & B. D. Jackson, Index Kewensis, Vol. 2(3). Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K.
  • Jacquin, N.J. von (1797). Plantarum Rariorum Horti Caesari Schoenbrunnensis, Vol. 2. C. F. Wappler, Vienna, Austria.
  • Johnson, D. V. (1984). Notes on the palms of Guinea- Bissau. Principes 28: 155 - 162.
  • Jones, D. L. (1984). Palms in Australia, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Jumelle, H. L. (1938). Catalogue des Plantes de Madagascar, Palmae. G. Pi tot, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Kirk, J. (1867). On the palms of east tropical Africa. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 230 - 235.
  • Kjær, A. (2003). Borassus heineanus from Papua New Guinea — A haunted palm? Palms 47: 111 - 115.
  • Kovoor, A. (1983). The Palmyrah Palm: potential and perspectives, Food & Agricultural Organisation, Rome, Italy.
  • Kunth, C. S. (1841). Enumeratio Plantarum, Vol. 3. J.G. Collae, Stuttgart & Tubingen, Germany.
  • Kurz, W. S. (1877). Forest flora of British Burma, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, India.
  • Lieberman, D., Hall, J. B., Swaine, M. D. & Lieberman, M. (1979). Seed dispersal by baboons in the Shai Hills, Ghana. Ecology 60: 65 - 75.
  • Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum, Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Louis, I. H. & Mary, V. E. (1975). Hermaphroditism in Borassus flabellifer from South India. Principes 19: 106 - 109.
  • Loureiro, J. de (1790). Flora Cochinchinensis, Lisbon, Portugal.
  • Ludwig, N. (1999). Notes on the palms of Mayotte, Comoro Islands, Indian Ocean. Palms 43: 149 - 151.
  • Malik, K. A. (1984). Palmae. In: E. Nasir & S. I. Ali (eds), Flora of Pakistan, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Marshall, A. G. (1983). Bats, flowers and fruit: evolutionary relationships in the Old World. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 20: 115 - 135.
  • Martius, C. F. P. von (1838). Historia Naturalis Palmarum, Vol. 3. T.O. Weigel, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Merrill, E. D. (1917). An interpretation of Rumphius's Herbarium Amboinense, Bureau of Printing, Manila, the Philippines.
  • Miller, A. G. & Morris, M. (2004). Ethnoflora of the Soqotra Archipelago, Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh, U.K.
  • Miquel, F. A. Wr. (1855). Flora van Nederlansch Indie, Vol. 3. C. G. van der Post, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Moore, H. E. (1960). A new subfamily of palms — the Caryotoideae. Principes 4: 102-117.
  • Mordelet, P., Barot, S. & Abbadie, L. (1996). Root foraging strategies and soil patchiness in a humid savanna. Pl. & Soil 182: 171 - 176.
  • Morton, J. F. (1988). Notes on distribution, propagation, and products of Borassus palms (Arecaceae). Econ. Bot. 42: 420 - 441.
  • Oersted, A. S. (1859). Palmae Centroamericanae. Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1858: 1 - 54.
  • Ouédraogo, A., Boussim, J., Zongo, J. & Guinko, S. (2002). Caractéristiques morphologiques des rôniers (Borassus L.) du Burkina Faso. Études Fl. Vég. Burkina Faso 7: 37 - 40.
  • Pascal, O. & Labat, J. N. (2002). Plantes et Forets de Mayotte, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
  • Pei, S. J. (1991). Palmae. In: S. J. Pei & S. Chen (eds), Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, Science Press, Beijing, China.
  • Portères, R. (1964). Le palmier rônier (Borassus aethiopum Mart.) dans la Province du Baoule (Côte d'Ivoire). J. Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl. 11: 499 - 516.
  • Punt, W., Blackmore, S., Nilsson, S. & Le Thomas, A. (1994). Glossary of Pollen and Spore terminology, L.P.P. Foundation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Radford, A. E., Dickison, W. C., Massey, J. R. & Bell, C. R. (1974). Vascular Plant Systematics. Harper & Row, New York, U.S.A.
  • Ramassamy, V. & Kannabiran, B. (1991). Occurrence of branched Borassus flabellifer L. and Cocos nucifera L. in Pondicherry. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 305 - 306.
  • Rangasamy, S. R. S. & Devasahayam, P. (1971). Cytology and sex determination in Palmyrah palm (Borassus flabellifer L.). Cellule 69: 129 - 133.
  • Read, R. W. (1966). New chromosome counts in the Palmae. Principes 10: 55 - 61.
  • Rheede tot Draakestein, H. A. (1678). Hortus Indicus Malabaricus, Vol. 1. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Ridley, H. N. (1905). New and little known Malayan plants. J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 44: 189 - 211.
  • Roxburgh, W. (1795 - 1798). Plants of the Coast of Coromandel, Vol. 1. W. Bulmer & Co., London, U.K.
  • Rumphius, G. E. (1741). Herbarium Amboinense, Vol. 1. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Sambou, B., Goudiaby, A., Ervik, F., Diallo, D. & Camara, M. C. (2002). Palm wine harvesting by the Bassari threatens Borassus aethiopum populations in north-western Guinea. Biodivers. & Conservation 11: 1149 - 1161.
  • Sankaralingham, A. & Hameed Khan, H. (2001). Palmyrah palms in Tamil Nadu, India. Palms 45: 97 - 99.
  • Thonning, P. & Schumacher, H. C. F. (1829). Beskrivelse af Guineiske Planter. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk., Naturvidensk. Math. Afh. 4: 1 - 236.
  • Tomlinson, P. B. (1961). Palmae. In: C. R. Metcalfe (ed.), Anatomy of the Monocotyledons, Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K.
  • Tuley, P. (1995). The Palms of Africa, Trendine Press, St. Ives, U.K.
  • Uhl, N. W. & Dransfield, J. (1987). Genera Palmarum: a classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore, Jr. The L. H. Bailey Hortorium and the International Palm Society, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.
  • Warburg, O. (1895). Die Palmen Ostafrikas und ihre Verwerthung. In: H. G. A. Engler (ed.), Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, Theil B, Die Nutzpflanzen Ost-Afrikas, pp. 1 - 27. Berlin, Germany.
  • Wendland, H. (1878). In: O. C. E. de Kerchove de Denterghem (ed.), Palmiers, J. Rothschild, Paris, France.
  • White, J. (1839). In: J. Graham, A Catalogue of the Plants Growing in Bombay and its Vicinity, Government Press, Bombay, India.
  • Whitmore, T.C. (1973). Palms of Malaya, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • Wright, C. H. (1902). Flora of Tropical Africa, Vol. 8 (ed. W. T. Thiselton-Dyer). L. Reeve & Co., London, U.K.
  • Zona, S. & Henderson, A. (1989). A review of animal-mediated seed dispersal of palms. Selbyana 11: 6 - 21.
  • Zoysa, N. de (2000). Arecaceae. In: M. D. Dassanayake & W. D. Clayton (eds), A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 14: 33 - 93. Oxford 8c IBH Publishing, New Delhi, India.
  • — & Beentje, H. (1995a). The Palms of Madagascar, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K. & International Palm Society, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.
  • — & Dransfield, J. (1979). The typification of Linnaean palms. Taxon 28: 59 - 70.
  • — & Dubois, R. (1938). Les palmiers Borassus et Hyphaene de l'Afrique Occidentale. Rev. Bot. App. 18: 93 - 103.
  • — & Hooker, J. D. (1893). Palmae. In: J.D. Hooker (ed.), Flora of British India, Vol. 6(19): 449 - 483. L. Reeve & Co., London, U.K.
  • — & Hussein, N. N. (1983). Taxonomía y filogenia basadas en análisis del DNA del genomio cloroplástico. In: Reunión de Consulta sobre Palmeras Poco Utilizadas de América Tropical (ed.), Informe de la Reunión de Consulta sobre Palmeras Poco Utilizadas de América Tropical, pp. 49 - 50. Food & Agricultural Organisation, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
  • — & McWilliam, A. N. (1982). Ecological observations on epomorphine fruit-bats (Megachiroptera) in West African savanna woodland. J. Zool. (Lond.) 198: 53 - 67.
  • — & Perrier de la Bâthie, H. (1907). Notes sur la flore du nord-ouest de Madagascar. Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 2. 5: 372 - 389.
  • — & Uhl, N. W. 1998. Palmae. In: K. Kubitzki, (ed.), Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. 4: 306 - 389. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
  • — & — (1913). Palmiers de Madagascar. Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 3. 1: 1 - 91.
  • — & — (1945). Palmiers. In: H. Humbert (ed.), Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, Vol. 30. Imprimerie officelle, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • — & — (1995b). Satranala (Coryphoideae. Borasseaer. Hyphaeninae), a new genus from Madagascar. Kew Bull. 50: 85 - 92.
  • — & — (2003). Neighbourhood analysis in the savanna palm Borassus aethiopum: interplay of intraspecific competition and soil patchiness. J. Veg. Sei. 14: 79 - 88.
  • — (1774). In: J. A. Murray (ed.), Systema Vegetabilium, ed. 13, J. C. Dietrich, Göttingen, Germany.
  • — (1896). Die Palmenflora des tropischen Afrika. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 21: 108 - 136.
  • — (1914). Studio sui Borassus e descrizione di un genere nuovo asiatico di Borasseae. Webbia 4: 293 - 385.
  • — (1924). Palme della Tribù Borasseae. (ed. U. Martelli). G. Passeri, Florence, Italy.
  • — (1935). A commentary on Loureiro's "Flora Cochinchinensis". Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc, New Series, 24: 1 - 445.
  • — (1973). Angiosperms of the islands of the gulf of Guinea (Fernando Po, Principe, São Tomé & Annobon). Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 4: 325 - 411.
  • — (1985). Old World phytophagous bats (Megachiroptera) and their food plants: a survey. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 83: 351 - 369.
  • — (1986a). Palmae. In: R. M. Polhill (ed.), Flora of Tropical East Africa, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  • — (1986b). A guide to collecting palms. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 73: 166 - 176.
  • — (1988). The palms of Africa and their relationships. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 95 - 103.
  • — (2002). Evolution and ecology of palms, New York Botanical Gardens Press, New York, U.S.A.
  • —, Lawesson, J. E. & Barfod, A. S. (1992). Borassus aethiopum, a threatened multiple purpose palm in Senegal. Principes 36: 148 - 155.
  • —, Maesen, L. J. G. van der & Dransfield, J. (2006). Arecaceae. In: V. Adjakidjè, W. J. van der Burg & L. J. G. van der Maesen (eds), Flore Analytique du Benin, pp. 50 - 62. Backhuys Publishers, Cotonou, Benin and Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • —, Obunyali, C. & Ranaivojaona, R. (2003). A re- examination of Borassus in Madagascar. Palms 47: 206 - 219.
  • —, Ouédraogo, A. & Guinko, S. (2006). The genus Borassus L. (Arecaceae) in West Africa, with a description of a new species from Burkina Faso. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 150: 419 - 427.
  • —, — & Menaut, J. C. (1999a). Demography of a savanna palm tree: predictions from comprehensive spatial pattern analyses. Ecology 80:1987 - 2005.
  • —, — & — (1999b). Seed shadows, survival and recruitment: how simple mechanisms lead to dynamics of population recruitment curves. Oikos 86: 320 - 330.
  • —, —, Asmussen, C. B., Baker, W. J., Harley, M. M. & Lewis, C. E. (2005). A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae. Kew Bull. 60: 559 - 569.
  • —, —, Vuattoux, R. & Legendre, S. (2000). Demography of a savanna palm tree in Ivory Coast (Lamto): population persistence and life-history. J. Trop. Ecol. 16: 637 - 655.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • F.T.A. 8: 117.
  • Sp. Pl. 1187 (1753)

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Becc. in Palme Borass.: 2 (1924)
  • L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 494 (1754)
  • Sp. Pl.: 1187 (1753)

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jul 27, 2006 Bayton, R.P.; AmadÚ OuÚdraogo; Paulin Ouoba [73] Burkina Faso K000525105 No
Jul 27, 2006 Bayton, R.P.; AmadÚ OuÚdraogo; Paulin Ouoba [74] Burkina Faso K000525103 No
Mar 31, 2004 Bayton, R.P.; AmadÚ OuÚdraogo; Paulin Ouoba [72] Burkina Faso K000525104 No
Apr 16, 2003 Bayton, R.P.; Ranaivojaona, R. [53] Madagascar K000300222 No
Oct 1, 2001 Banka, R.; Baker, W.; Dransfield, J. [s.n.] K:SPC-75015.000 No
Oct 1, 2001 Banka, R. [s.n.] K:SPC-70000.056 No
Jan 1, 1995 Noblick, L.R.; Edmondson, N.; Fischer, B.; Burger, M.; Rahelivololona, E. [5055] Madagascar K000300234 No
Jan 1, 1995 Du Puy, B.P.; Du Puy, D.J.; Andrianatina, J.; Carlson, B. [MB791] Madagascar K000300233 No
Bayton, R.P.; AmadÚ OuÚdraogo; Paulin Ouoba [69] Burkina Faso K000462843 Type Yes
Bayton, R.P. [5A] K:SPC-64785.000 No
Greenway, P.J. [s.n.] Uganda K001098718 No
Burtt, B.D. [1659] Tanzania K001098716 No
New Collector [s.n.] Zambia K001098717 No
Illegible [3136] Sudan K001098634 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] K001132684 Unknown Type Material Yes
Du Puy, B.; Du Puy, D.; Baum, D. [MB256] Madagascar K:SPC-29047.709 No
s.coll. [Cat. no. s.n.] K001132682 Unknown Type Material Yes

Sources

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

  • Kew Backbone Distributions

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Kew Bulletin

    • Kew Bulletin
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
  • Palmweb - Palms of the World Online

    • Palmweb 2011. Palmweb: Palms of the World Online. Published on the internet http://www.palmweb.org. Accessed on 21/04/2013
    • Content licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
  • Trees of New Guinea

    • Trees of New Guinea
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0