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  1. Family: Pandanaceae R.Br.

    1. Pandanus Parkinson

        2. This genus is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical Old World to Pacific.

    [FTEA]

    Pandanaceae, H.J. Beentje. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1993

    Habit
    Trees with candelabra-like branching and spiny adventitious roots; stem with almost annular scars of leaf-bases
    Leaves
    Leaves with acute or attenuate apex, armed with small spines on margins, midrib beneath and sometimes on the twin lateral ventral pleats; midrib keeled beneath; secondary longitudinal veins numerous and clearly visible; tertiary transverse veins visible or obscure
    Inflorescences
    Inflorescences terminal, capitate or spicate; bracts armed on the margins and sometimes on the midrib beneath, the lower peduncular ones green and attenuate at the apex, the more distal ones coloured and acute; flowers sessile, without a perianth
    Male
    Male flowers in spicately arranged spadices; stamens many; filaments free or connate; anthers 2-thecous, oblong or linear, apiculate or obtuse
    Flowers
    Female flowers in spicate or racemosely arranged bracteate spadices, or in a solitary spadix, without staminodes Male flowers in spicately arranged spadices; stamens many; filaments free or connate; anthers 2-thecous, oblong or linear, apiculate or obtuse
    Female
    Female flowers in spicate or racemosely arranged bracteate spadices, or in a solitary spadix, without staminodes
    Ovary
    Ovaries free or connate, each with a solitary ovule; placenta sub-basal but parietal
    Fruits
    Fruit woody or drupaceous, ovoid, ellipsoid or spherical, often somewhat trigonous; carpels with a ± free stigma-remnant (pileus), this pyramidal, rounded or almost flat and only separated from other carpel-tips by sulci; style absent or vestigial; stigma (in species of Flora area) rounded-cordate to hippocrepiform or reniform, ± as long as broad, plane to oblique or sometimes vertically oriented, the basal groove adaxial (in 1-locular drupes) or centroscopic (in more-locular phalanges); pericarp thin, glabrous; upper mesocarp fibrous and with spongy pith, with several hollows; lower mesocarp fibrous-fleshy; endocarp thinly ligneous to thick and bony, whitish to dark brown, each locule furnished with a ‘tube’ of fibers running upward to the underside of the stigma, and a basal opening (through which germination occurs)
    Seeds
    Seed erect, the testa membranous; placenta lateral, slightly fibrous; endosperm firm.

    Images

    Distribution

    Doubtfully present in:

    Benin

    Native to:

    Aldabra, Andaman Is., Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Burkina, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Caroline Is., Central African Repu, China South-Central, China Southeast, Christmas I., Cocos (Keeling) Is., Comoros, Congo, Cook Is., East Himalaya, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Gilbert Is., Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, Hawaii, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Line Is., Madagascar, Malaya, Maldives, Mali, Maluku, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Is., Northern Territory, Ogasawara-shoto, Philippines, Pitcairn Is., Queensland, Rodrigues, Réunion, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Society Is., Solomon Is., Somalia, South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Wake I., Wallis-Futuna Is., Western Australia, Zambia, Zaïre

    Introduced into:

    Ascension, Bermuda, Chagos Archipelago, Costa Rica, Cuba, Florida, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Phoenix Is., Puerto Rico, Windward Is., Yemen

    Pandanus Parkinson appears in other Kew resources:

    Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
    Mauritius 21979.000
    Waterhouse, J.H.L. [946 B], Solomon Is. 7744.000
    Johns, R.J. [10417], Indonesia 70088.000
    Grimes [1137] 58897.000
    Utteridge, T.M.A. [103], New Guinea 29047.989
    Willis, F.R. [107], Indonesia 64456.000
    Takeuchi, W. [18918], Papua New Guinea K000526373
    McGregor, R.C. [11289], Philippines K000781729
    Merrill, E.D. [9361], Philippines K000781724
    Wallich, N. [Cat. no. 8590], Malaysia Pandanus K001125926
    Gomez, W. [Cat. no. 9124], Myanmar Pandanus K001132243

    First published in J. Voy. South Seas: 46 (1773)

    Accepted by

    • Beentje, H. (1993). Pandanaceae Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-7.

    Literature

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • F.T.A. 8: 127.
    • Suppl. 64 (1781)
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • Warburg in E.P. IV. 9: 43 (1900)
    • Journ. Voyage South Seas: 46 (1773)

    Sources

    Art and Illustrations in Digifolia
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
    'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China
    The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0