- Family: Rubiaceae Juss.
Pavetta L.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical Old World to S. Pacific.
[FTEA]
Rubiaceae, B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1976
- Habit
- Shrubs or small trees, occasionally suffrutices
- Leaves
- Leaves opposite, occasionally ternate, sessile or petiolate; blades with bacterial nodules usually present and domatia sometimes present in the axils of the nerves beneath; stipules, with a triangular to truncate limb, connate at base or up to the entire length, bearing a subulate arista or less often a short mucro, sometimes with silky hairs within
- Flowers
- Flowers (1–)few–many, borne in sessile to subsessile corymbs, terminal on main and lateral leafy branches or terminal on short leafless spurs or branches (which in the absence of corky bark can resemble axillary pedunculate corymbs), occasionally entirely suppressed giving the inflorescence an axillary appearance, very lax to capitate; bracts connate, stipule-like; bracteoles free, usually small, sometimes absent Flowers hermaphrodite, always 4-merous
- Calyx
- Calyx-tube turbinate to campanulate; limb persistent or deciduous, rarely accrescent; tube very short or long, often wider than the tube; lobes short to long, ovate (often overlapping) to triangular, lanceolate to subulate, occasionally absent
- Corolla
- Corolla white to creamy or greenish white, rarely red (P. canescens DC. from Angola and Zaire); tube cylindrical to funnel-shaped (but never greatly widened at the throat), throat bearded or pubescent to glabrous; lobes lanceolate, oblong or ovate, contorted in bud
- Stamens
- Stamens attached at the mouth of the tube, exserted and spreading or reflexed in mature flower; filaments very short; anthers dorsifixed near the base, linear to oblong, ± equalling the corolla-lobes in length, apiculate and sagittate, usually twisted when dehisced
- Disc
- Disc annular, fleshy
- Pistil
- Ovary small, 2-locular (? very rarely 4-locular); placentas fleshy, pendulous from the apex of the septum; ovules solitary or rarely paired, immersed or partially immersed in the cup-like placenta; style long-exserted, slender, glabrous to subglabrous, sometimes the exserted portion pubescent, the upper part (pollen receptacle) thickened, club-shaped, with 8 shallow ribs, always shortly hairy; stigmatic surface confined to the bidentate apex
- Fruits
- Fruit a drupe, frequently black and shining, rarely white or coloured, spherical, slightly 2-lobed, scarcely fleshy, containing 1(–2) chartaceous pyrenes
- Seeds
- Seeds 2 (or rarely 1 by abortion), attached to the centre of the septum, hemispherical with a wide circular excavation in the centre of the ventral face, convex dorsal face usually rugose; endosperm always entire and horny; embryo small, dorsal, curved.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Habit
- Shrubs or small trees
- Leaves
- Leaves opposite or occasionally in whorls of 3; blades usually with bacterial nodules visible as blackish dots; stipules united at least at the base, apiculate
- Inflorescences
- Flowers 4-merous, in few- to many-flowered ± corymbose inflorescences, or solitary
- Calyx
- Calyx-lobes short to long, occasionally absent
- Corolla
- Corolla generally white to cream or greenish white; tube cylindrical to narrowly funnel-shaped; lobes contorted to the left in bud
- Anthers
- Anthers exserted
- Ovary
- Ovary 2-celled, with 1 or rarely 2 ovules per cell on pendulous placentas; style exserted, the pollen presenter club-shaped, with a 2-lobed stigma at apex
- Fruits
- Fruit a subglobose drupe, with 1 or 2 stones.
- Distribution
- Some 360 species in the Old-World tropics.
[FZ]
Rubiaceae, D.M.Bridson & B.Verdcourt. Flora Zambesiaca 5:3. 2003
- Habit
- Shrubs or small trees, occasionally subshrubs with woody underground stems.
- Leaves
- Leaves opposite, occasionally ternate, sessile or petiolate, sometimes those on inflorescence-supporting branches differ from those on the main stem or vegetative shoots, being smaller with shorter petioles or anisophyllous, sometimes shape may differ according to position of the branches (see note after P. gardeniifolia); blades sometimes with domatia present in the nerve axils beneath and usually with blackish dot-like elliptic or linear bacterial nodules scattered on the blade or arranged along the midrib; stipules with a triangular to truncate limb, connate at the base or for up to the entire length, bearing a subulate arista, less often a short mucro or a keeled lobe, sometimes with silky hairs within.
- Inflorescences
- Inflorescences sessile or subsessile with (1)few–many flowers in a very lax to capitate corymbose arrangement, terminal on main and lateral leafy branches or on short leafless spurs or branches (which in the absence of corky bark can resemble axillary pedunculate corymbs), occasionally such inflorescence-supporting branches entirely suppressed giving the inflorescence an axillary appearance (TAB. 108); bracts connate, stipule-like; bracteoles free, usually small, sometimes absent.
- Flowers
- Flowers hermaphrodite, always 4-merous.
- Calyx
- Calyx tube turbinate to campanulate; limb persistent or deciduous, rarely accrescent; limb-tube very short or long, often wider than the tube; lobes short to long, ovate (often overlapping) to triangular, lanceolate to subulate, often separated by sinuses or occasionally absent (TAB. 109).
- Corolla
- Corolla white to cream-coloured or greenish-white, infrequently yellow or rarely red (P. canescens DC. from Angola and Dem. Rep. Congo); tube cylindrical to funnel-shaped (but never greatly widened at the throat), bearded or pubescent to glabrous in the throat; lobes lanceolate, oblong or ovate, contorted in bud.
- Stamens
- Stamens attached at the mouth of the tube, exserted and spreading or reflexed in mature flower; filaments very short; anthers dorsifixed near the base, linear to oblong, ± equalling the corolla lobes in length, apiculate and sagittate, very often twisted when dehisced.
- Disc
- Disk annular, fleshy.
- Pistil
- Ovary small, 2-locular (?very rarely 4-locular); placentas fleshy, pendulous from the upper part of the septum; ovules solitary or rarely paired, immersed or partially immersed in the cup-like arrangement of tissues; style long-exserted, slender, glabrous to subglabrous, sometimes the exserted portion pubescent, the upper part (pollen presenter) thickened, club-shaped, with 8 shallow ribs, always shortly hairy; stigmatic surface confined to the bidentate apex.
- Fruits
- Fruit a drupe, frequently black and shiny, rarely white or coloured, spherical, slightly 2-lobed, scarcely fleshy, containing 1(2) chartaceous pyrenes.
- Seeds
- Seeds 2 (or rarely 1 by abortion), attached to the centre of the septum, hemispherical with a wide circular excavation in the centre of the ventral face, convex dorsal face usually rugulose; endosperm always entire and horny; embryo small, dorsal, curved.
Doubtfully present in:
Lesotho
Native to:
Andaman Is., Angola, Assam, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cabinda, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Caprivi Strip, Central African Repu, Chad, China South-Central, China Southeast, Congo, Djibouti, East Himalaya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Hainan, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Maluku, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Vanuatu, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Western Australia, Yemen, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
- Pavetta abujuamii W.D.Hawth.
- Pavetta abyssinica Fresen.
- Pavetta acutifolia Reinw. ex Korth.
- Pavetta aethiopica Bremek.
- Pavetta agrostiphylla Bremek.
- Pavetta akeassii J.B.Hall
- Pavetta amaniensis Bremek.
- Pavetta amplexicaulis Pers.
- Pavetta andongensis Hiern
- Pavetta angolensis Hiern
- Pavetta angustifolia (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.
- Pavetta ankasensis W.D.Hawth.
- Pavetta ankolensis Bridson
- Pavetta annobonensis Bremek.
- Pavetta antennifera Wernham
- Pavetta arabica Bremek.
- Pavetta arenicola K.Schum.
- Pavetta arenosa Lour.
- Pavetta aspera Craib
- Pavetta atra Merr.
- Pavetta australiensis Bremek.
- Pavetta axillaris Bremek.
- Pavetta axillipara Bremek.
- Pavetta backeri Bremek.
- Pavetta baconiella Bremek.
- Pavetta bagshawei S.Moore
- Pavetta balinensis Bremek.
- Pavetta bangweensis Bremek.
- Pavetta barbata Sm.
- Pavetta barbertonensis Bremek.
- Pavetta barnesii Elmer ex Merr.
- Pavetta basilanensis Bremek.
- Pavetta batanensis Bremek.
- Pavetta batesiana Bremek.
- Pavetta bauchei Bremek.
- Pavetta bequaertii De Wild.
- Pavetta bidentata Hiern
- Pavetta bidgoodiae Bridson
- Pavetta bilineata Bremek.
- Pavetta birmahica Bremek.
- Pavetta blanda Bremek.
- Pavetta bomiensis W.D.Hawth.
- Pavetta bowkeri Harv.
- Pavetta brachyantha Merr.
- Pavetta brachycalyx Hiern
- Pavetta brachysiphon Bremek.
- Pavetta breviflora DC.
- Pavetta brevituba Craib
- Pavetta bridsoniae P.I.Forst.
- Pavetta brownii Bremek.
- Pavetta bruceana Bremek.
- Pavetta bruneelii De Wild.
- Pavetta brunonis Wall. ex G.Don
- Pavetta buchneri K.Schum.
- Pavetta burttii Bremek.
- Pavetta buruensis Bremek.
- Pavetta calothyrsa Bremek.
- Pavetta cambodiensis Bremek.
- Pavetta camerounensis S.D.Manning
- Pavetta candelabra Bremek.
- Pavetta canescens DC.
- Pavetta capensis (Houtt.) Bremek.
- Pavetta cataractarum S.Moore
- Pavetta catophylla K.Schum.
- Pavetta caudata Bremek.
- Pavetta celebica Bremek.
- Pavetta cellulosa Bremek.
- Pavetta chapmanii Bridson
- Pavetta chevalieri Bremek.
- Pavetta cinerascens (A.Rich.) Chiov.
- Pavetta cinereifolia Berhaut
- Pavetta claessensii De Wild.
- Pavetta coelophlebia Bremek.
- Pavetta comostyla S.Moore
- Pavetta compactiflora Hook.f.
- Pavetta condorensis Bremek.
- Pavetta conferta S.T.Reynolds
- Pavetta constipulata Bremek.
- Pavetta cooperi Harv. & Sond.
- Pavetta coronifera Bremek.
- Pavetta corymbosa (DC.) F.N.Williams
- Pavetta crassicaulis Bremek.
- Pavetta crassipes K.Schum.
- Pavetta crebrifolia Hiern
- Pavetta crystalensis S.E.Dawson
- Pavetta cumingii Bremek.
- Pavetta curalicola J.E.Burrows
- Pavetta decumbens K.Schum. & K.Krause
- Pavetta deflersii Bremek.
- Pavetta delicatifolia Bridson
- Pavetta dermatophylla Mildbr.
- Pavetta dianeae J.E.Burrows & S.M.Burrows
- Pavetta diversicalyx Bridson
- Pavetta diversipunctata Bridson
- Pavetta dolichantha Bremek.
- Pavetta dolichosepala Hiern
- Pavetta dolichostyla Merr.
- Pavetta dubia Endl.
- Pavetta edentula Sond.
- Pavetta elliottii K.Schum. & K.Krause
- Pavetta elmeri Merr.
- Pavetta eritreensis Bremek.
- Pavetta erlangeri Bremek.
- Pavetta eylesii S.Moore
- Pavetta fascifolia Bremek.
- Pavetta filistipulata Bremek.
- Pavetta finlaysoniana Wall. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta formosa Bremek.
- Pavetta fruticosa Craib
- Pavetta gabonica Bremek.
- Pavetta galpinii Bremek.
- Pavetta gardeniifolia Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Pavetta gardneri Bremek.
- Pavetta genipifolia Schumach.
- Pavetta geoffrayi Bremek.
- Pavetta gerstneri Bremek.
- Pavetta glaucophylla Retief, S.J.Siebert & A.E.van Wyk
- Pavetta gleniei Thwaites ex Hook.f.
- Pavetta globularis Bremek.
- Pavetta glomerata Bremek.
- Pavetta gorontalensis Bremek.
- Pavetta gossweileri Bremek.
- Pavetta graciliflora Wall. ex Ridl.
- Pavetta gracilifolia Bremek.
- Pavetta gracilipes Hiern
- Pavetta gracillima S.Moore
- Pavetta granitica F.Muell. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta greenwayi Bremek.
- Pavetta grossissima S.D.Manning
- Pavetta grumosa S.Moore
- Pavetta gurueensis Bridson
- Pavetta haareri Bremek.
- Pavetta harborii S.Moore
- Pavetta herbacea Bremek.
- Pavetta hierniana Bremek.
- Pavetta hispida Hiern
- Pavetta hispidula Wight & Arn.
- Pavetta hohenackeri Bremek.
- Pavetta holstii K.Schum.
- Pavetta hongkongensis Bremek.
- Pavetta hookeriana Hiern
- Pavetta humilis Hook.f.
- Pavetta hygrophytica Bremek.
- Pavetta hymenophylla Bremek.
- Pavetta inandensis Bremek.
- Pavetta incana Klotzsch
- Pavetta indica L.
- Pavetta indigotica Bridson
- Pavetta intermedia Bremek.
- Pavetta involucrata Thwaites
- Pavetta ixorifolia Bremek.
- Pavetta jambosifolia Teijsm. & Binn.
- Pavetta johnstonii Bremek.
- Pavetta kasaica Bremek.
- Pavetta kedahica Bremek.
- Pavetta kimberleyana S.T.Reynolds
- Pavetta klotzschiana K.Schum.
- Pavetta kotzei Bremek.
- Pavetta kribiensis S.D.Manning
- Pavetta kupensis S.D.Manning
- Pavetta kyimbilensis Bremek.
- Pavetta laevifolia Valeton
- Pavetta lampongensis Bremek.
- Pavetta lanceolata Eckl.
- Pavetta laoticensis Bremek.
- Pavetta lasiobractea K.Schum.
- Pavetta lasiocalyx Bremek.
- Pavetta lasioclada (K.Krause) Mildbr. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta lasiopeplus K.Schum.
- Pavetta laurentii De Wild.
- Pavetta laxa S.D.Manning
- Pavetta leonensis Keay
- Pavetta lescrauwaetii De Wild.
- Pavetta leytensis Bremek.
- Pavetta lindina Bremek.
- Pavetta linearifolia Bremek.
- Pavetta loandensis (S.Moore) Bremek.
- Pavetta lomamiensis Bremek.
- Pavetta longibrachiata Bremek.
- Pavetta longiflora Vahl
- Pavetta longistyla S.D.Manning
- Pavetta lulandoensis Bridson
- Pavetta lutambensis Mildbr. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta luzonica Bremek.
- Pavetta lynesii Bridson
- Pavetta macraei Bremek.
- Pavetta macropoda Bremek.
- Pavetta macrosepala Hiern
- Pavetta macrostemon K.Schum.
- Pavetta madrassica Bremek.
- Pavetta makassarica Bremek.
- Pavetta malchairii De Wild.
- Pavetta manyanguensis Bridson
- Pavetta matumbiensis Bridson
- Pavetta mayumbensis R.D.Good
- Pavetta mazumbaiensis Bridson
- Pavetta melanochroa Bremek.
- Pavetta membranacea Blanco
- Pavetta membranifolia K.Krause
- Pavetta micheliana J.-G.Adam
- Pavetta micrantha Bremek.
- Pavetta microphylla Chiov.
- Pavetta micropunctata Bridson
- Pavetta microthamnus K.Schum.
- Pavetta mildbraedii K.Krause
- Pavetta mindanaensis Bremek.
- Pavetta minor (Hook.f.) Deb & Rout
- Pavetta mirabilis Bremek.
- Pavetta mocambicensis Bremek.
- Pavetta mollis Afzel. ex Hiern
- Pavetta mollissima Hutch. & Dalziel
- Pavetta moluccana Bremek.
- Pavetta molundensis K.Krause
- Pavetta montana Reinw. ex Blume
- Pavetta monticola Hiern
- Pavetta mpomii S.D.Manning
- Pavetta mshigeniana Bridson
- Pavetta muelleri Bremek.
- Pavetta mufindiensis Bridson
- Pavetta muiriana S.D.Manning
- Pavetta multiflora (Koord. & Valeton) Bremek.
- Pavetta murleensis Cufod.
- Pavetta mzeleziensis Bridson
- Pavetta namatae S.D.Manning
- Pavetta nana K.Schum.
- Pavetta napieri (Ridl.) Bremek.
- Pavetta natalensis Sond.
- Pavetta naucleiflora R.Br. ex G.Don
- Pavetta nbumbulensis Bremek.
- Pavetta nemoralis Bremek.
- Pavetta nervosa Craib
- Pavetta neurocarpa Benth.
- Pavetta nigricans Miq.
- Pavetta nitidissima Bridson
- Pavetta nitidula Welw. ex Hiern
- Pavetta nova-guineensis Bremek.
- Pavetta obanica Bremek.
- Pavetta oblanceolata Bremek.
- Pavetta oblongifolia (Hiern) Bremek.
- Pavetta obovalis Bremek.
- Pavetta oligantha Valeton
- Pavetta olivaceonigra K.Schum.
- Pavetta oliveriana Hiern
- Pavetta ombrophila Bremek.
- Pavetta opulina (G.Forst.) DC.
- Pavetta oresitropha Bremek.
- Pavetta orthanthera Bremek.
- Pavetta owariensis P.Beauv.
- Pavetta palembangensis Bremek.
- Pavetta pammalaka Bremek.
- Pavetta parasitica Lour.
- Pavetta parvifolia S.Vidal
- Pavetta pauciflora Blume ex DC.
- Pavetta paupercula K.Schum.
- Pavetta petiolaris Wall. ex Craib
- Pavetta phanerophlebia Merr.
- Pavetta pierlotii Bridson
- Pavetta pierrei Bremek.
- Pavetta pitardii Bremek.
- Pavetta platycalyx Bremek.
- Pavetta platyclada K.Schum. & Lauterb.
- Pavetta pleiantha Bremek.
- Pavetta plumosa Hutch. & Dalziel
- Pavetta pocsii Bridson
- Pavetta polyantha (Hook.f.) Wall. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta praeterita Bremek.
- Pavetta pseudoalbicaulis Bridson
- Pavetta puberula Hiern
- Pavetta puffii Barbhuiya, J.Sarma & S.Dey
- Pavetta pumila N.E.Br.
- Pavetta pusilliflora Bremek.
- Pavetta pygmaea Bremek.
- Pavetta quasidigita W.D.Hawth.
- Pavetta radicans Hiern
- Pavetta redheadii Bremek.
- Pavetta refractifolia K.Schum.
- Pavetta reinwardtii Bremek.
- Pavetta renidens (K.Krause) Bremek.
- Pavetta revoluta Hochst.
- Pavetta richardsiae Bridson
- Pavetta rigida Hiern
- Pavetta robusta Bremek.
- Pavetta roseostellata Bridson
- Pavetta ruahaensis Bridson
- Pavetta rubentifolia S.D.Manning
- Pavetta rupicola S.T.Reynolds
- Pavetta ruttenii Bremek.
- Pavetta ruwenzoriensis S.Moore
- Pavetta rwandensis Bridson
- Pavetta salicina (Ridl.) Bremek.
- Pavetta sansibarica K.Schum.
- Pavetta sapoensis W.D.Hawth.
- Pavetta sarasinorum Bremek.
- Pavetta scabrifolia Bremek.
- Pavetta schliebenii Mildbr. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta schumanniana F.Hoffm. ex K.Schum.
- Pavetta schweinfurthii Bremek.
- Pavetta sennii Chiov.
- Pavetta sepium K.Schum.
- Pavetta seretii De Wild.
- Pavetta siamica Bremek.
- Pavetta siphonantha Dalzell
- Pavetta sonjae W.D.Hawth.
- Pavetta sparsipila Bremek.
- Pavetta spathulata Bremek.
- Pavetta speciosa S.T.Reynolds
- Pavetta sphaerobotrys K.Schum.
- Pavetta staudtii Hutch. & Dalziel
- Pavetta stemonogyne Mildbr. ex Bremek.
- Pavetta stenosepala K.Schum.
- Pavetta stipulopallium K.Schum.
- Pavetta subcana Hiern
- Pavetta subcapitata Hook.f.
- Pavetta subferruginea Merr.
- Pavetta subglabra Schumach.
- Pavetta subulata Teijsm. & Binn.
- Pavetta subumbellata Bremek.
- Pavetta subvelutina Miq.
- Pavetta sumbawensis Bremek.
- Pavetta swatowica Bremek.
- Pavetta sylvatica Blume
- Pavetta talbotii Wernham
- Pavetta tarennoides S.Moore
- Pavetta teitana K.Schum.
- Pavetta tendagurensis Bremek.
- Pavetta tenella S.T.Reynolds
- Pavetta tenuiflora Miq.
- Pavetta tenuissima S.D.Manning
- Pavetta termitaria Bremek.
- Pavetta ternata Teijsm. & Binn.
- Pavetta ternifolia Hiern
- Pavetta testui Bremek.
- Pavetta tetramera (Hiern) Bremek.
- Pavetta thorbeckii K.Krause
- Pavetta thwaitesii Bremek.
- Pavetta timorensis Miq.
- Pavetta tomentosa Roxb. ex Sm.
- Pavetta tonkinensis Bremek.
- Pavetta trachyphylla Bremek.
- Pavetta transjubensis Chiov.
- Pavetta translucens Bremek.
- Pavetta travancorica Bremek.
- Pavetta trichardtensis Bremek.
- Pavetta troupinii Bridson
- Pavetta tschikonderi N.Hahn
- Pavetta umtalensis Bremek.
- Pavetta uniflora Bremek.
- Pavetta urophylla Bremek.
- Pavetta urundensis Bremek.
- Pavetta uwembae Gilli
- Pavetta vaga S.T.Reynolds
- Pavetta valetonii Bremek.
- Pavetta vanderijstii Bremek.
- Pavetta vanwykiana Bridson
- Pavetta venenata Hutch. & E.A.Bruce
- Pavetta villosa Vahl
- Pavetta viridiloba K.Krause
- Pavetta wallichiana Steud. ex Craib
- Pavetta whiteana Bridson
- Pavetta wightii Hook.f.
- Pavetta wildemannii Bremek.
- Pavetta williamsii Merr.
- Pavetta yambatensis Bremek.
- Pavetta zeyheri Sond.
- Pavetta zeylanica (Hook.f.) Gamble
- Pavetta zimmermanniana Valeton
Pavetta L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jan 1, 2007 | Harris, D.J. [3641], Cameroon | K000683641 | ||
Jan 1, 1998 | Ekema, N. [986], Cameroon | K000085780 | ||
Jan 1, 1998 | Ekema, N. [1105], Cameroon | K000085784 | ||
Jan 1, 1998 | Batoum, A. [6], Cameroon | K000085788 | ||
30716.000 | ||||
Troupin, G. [3889], Congo, DRC | 914.000 | |||
Davis, A.P. [2275], Madagascar | 61821.000 | |||
Maurin, O. [39], Cameroon | 70447.000 | |||
Patel, H. [7161], Mozambique | K000545132 | |||
Patel, H. [7162], Mozambique | K000545133 | |||
Ekema, N. [1059], Cameroon | K000437272 | |||
Akogo, M. [8], Cameroon | K000085337 |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 110 (1753)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (2003). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- Bremekamp in Fedde Rep. 37: 1—208 (1934).
- —F.T.A. 3: 167
Flora Zambesiaca
- Bremekamp in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 12–28, 81–98 (1939).
- Bremekamp in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 37: 1–208 (1934)
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 48 (1754).
- Sp. Pl.: 110 (1753)
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 3, (2006) Author: by D. Bridson & M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
- Bridson in Kew Bull. 32: 609–652 (1978).
- Bremekamp in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 47: 12–28, 81–98 (1939)
- Bremekamp in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 37 (1934)
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Bremek. in F.R. 47: 12–28, 81–98 (1939)
- Bremek. in F.R. 37: 1–208 (1934)
- L., Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 48 (1754)
- Sp. Pl. 1: 110 (1753)
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China
The Malesian Key Group (2010) Interactive Key to Seed Plants of Malesia and Indo-China (Version 2.0, 28 Jul 2010) The Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Leiden and The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0