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  1. Family: Poaceae Barnhart
    1. Genus: Anthoxanthum L.

      1. Anthoxanthum madagascariense Stapf

        This species is accepted, and its native range is Madagascar.

    [GB]
    Habit
    Perennial; caespitose. Butt sheaths herbaceous. Culms erect; 15-60 cm long. Lateral branches lacking. Leaf-sheaths smooth, or scaberulous; glabrous on surface. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 1-2 mm long; truncate. Leaf-blades 2.5-10 cm long; 3-4 mm wide; stiff; aromatic. Leaf-blade surface smooth, or scaberulous; glabrous. Leaf-blade margins ciliate. Leaf-blade apex acute.
    Inflorescences
    Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; linear; 3-8 cm long. Panicle branches pubescent. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels pubescent.
    Spikelets
    Spikelets comprising 2 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 5-5.5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
    Fertile
    Spikelets comprising 2 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 5-5.5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
    Glume
    Glumes persistent; dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume lanceolate; 4-4.5 mm long; 0.7-0.8 length of upper glume; membranous; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume lanceolate; 5-5.5 mm long; 2.5 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; 1-keeled; 3 -veined. Upper glume apex acute.
    Florets
    Basal sterile florets dissimilar; barren; without significant palea; attached to and deciduous with the fertile. Lemma of lower sterile floret oblong; 4.5 mm long; chartaceous; without keels; 5 -veined; pubescent; emarginate; awned. Awn of lower sterile floret 1 mm long. Lemma of upper sterile floret oblong; 4.5 mm long; chartaceous; pubescent; dentate; 2 -fid; obtuse; awned. Awn of upper sterile floret dorsal; arising 0.5 way up back of lemma; geniculate; 4-5 mm long. Fertile lemma oblong; 2 mm long; cartilaginous; without keel; 5 -veined. Lemma lateral veins obscure. Lemma margins convolute; covering most of palea. Lemma apex obtuse. Palea oblong; 1 length of lemma; 1 -veined; without keels.
    Flowers
    Lodicules absent. Anthers 2; 2 mm long. Stigmas 2; protogynous; pubescent.
    Fruits
    Caryopsis with adherent pericarp. Hilum punctiform.
    Distribution
    Africa: western Indian ocean.
    Reference
    Aveneae. Stapf 1994.

    Distribution

    Native to:

    Madagascar

    Anthoxanthum madagascariense Stapf appears in other Kew resources:

    First published in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1897: 287 (1897)

    Accepted by

    • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.

    Literature

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    • Bosser, J. (1969). Gramiées des pasturages et des cultures a Madagascar: 1-440. ORSTOM, Paris.

    Sources

    GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0