- Family: Polygonaceae Juss.
Persicaria Mill.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Cosmopolitan.
[FZ]
Polygonaceae, I. Nogueira, S. Ortiz & J.A.R. Paiva. Flora Zambesiaca 9:3. 2006
- Habit
- Annual or perennial erect or occasionally prostrate herbs (rarely shrubs), glabrous or hairy, often glandular.
- Stem
- Stems often conspicuously swollen at the nodes.
- Leaves
- Leaves alternate, very variable in shape, always distinctly longer than wide.
- Ocrea
- Ocrea membranaceous, pale brown, reddish or hyaline, entire, often tubular, glabrous or hairy, often fringed with cilia.
- Flowers
- Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual, in pedunculate terminal or axillary racemes, spikes, panicles or heads; bracteoles 2, fused, thinly membranous and contained within the bracts.
- Perianth
- Perianth segments (4)5, equal or somewhat unequal in length, spirally arranged, often imbricate, free or united at the base, petaloid at least in part, with a trifid venation (the main vein flanked by 2 collateral veins arising near the base); outer segments similar to the inner.
- Stamens
- Stamens 5–8, rarely fewer, included or not; filaments uniformly subulate or filiform, free or sometimes united at the base into a ring, but without interstaminal nectaries; anthers globose or ellipsoid, dorsifixed.
- Pistil
- Ovary included within the perianth; styles 2(3), united at the base or rarely free; stigmas capitate.
- Fruits
- Nut lenticular or trigonous, enclosed in the persistent perianth or protruding from it for less than half its length.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Andaman Is., Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Ascension, Assam, Austria, Azores, Bahamas, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bolivia, Borneo, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caprivi Strip, Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Central European Rus, Chad, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Comoros, Congo, Connecticut, Cook Is., Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Easter Is., Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, French Guiana, Føroyar, Gabon, Galápagos, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Great Britain, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Guyana, Hainan, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jawa, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kazan-retto, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Labrador, Laccadive Is., Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Lesser Sunda Is., Liberia, Libya, Louisiana, Madagascar, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Nicaragua, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ogasawara-shoto, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Réunion, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sicilia, Sierra Leone, Society Is., Socotra, Solomon Is., Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Togo, Transcaucasus, Trinidad-Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Falkland Is., Fiji, Hawaii, Tonga, Wallis-Futuna Is.
- Persicaria acuminata (Kunth) M.Gómez
- Persicaria akakiensis (Cufod.) Soják
- Persicaria × ambigua (Meisn.) B.Bock
- Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre
- Persicaria angustifolia (Pall.) Ronse Decr.
- Persicaria arifolia (L.) Haraldson
- Persicaria assamica (Meisn.) Soják
- Persicaria attenuata (R.Br.) Soják
- Persicaria barbata (L.) H.Hara
- Persicaria × bicolor (Borbás) Soják
- Persicaria biconvexa (Hayata) Nemoto
- Persicaria bicornis (Raf.) Nieuwl.
- Persicaria borneensis (Meisn.) Soják
- Persicaria × brauniana (F.W.Schultz) Soják
- Persicaria breviochreata (Makino) Ohki
- Persicaria bungeana (Turcz.) Nakai
- Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross
- Persicaria careyi (Olney) Greene
- Persicaria celebica (Danser) Soják
- Persicaria cespitosa (Blume) Nakai
- Persicaria changhuaensis H.W.Zhang & X.F.Jin
- Persicaria chinensis (L.) H.Gross
- Persicaria × condensata (F.W.Schultz) Soják
- Persicaria criopolitana (Hance) Migo
- Persicaria debilis (Meisn.) H.Gross ex W.Lee
- Persicaria decipiens (R.Br.) K.L.Wilson
- Persicaria dichotoma (Blume) Masam.
- Persicaria diospyrifolia (Cham. & Schltdl.) Funez & Hassemer
- Persicaria dissitiflora (Hemsl.) H.Gross ex T.Mori
- Persicaria eciliata M.A.Hassan
- Persicaria elatior (R.Br.) Soják
- Persicaria erectominor (Makino) Nakai
- Persicaria extremiorientalis (Vorosch.) Tzvelev
- Persicaria ferruginea (Wedd.) Soják
- Persicaria × figertii (Beck) Soják
- Persicaria filiformis (Thunb.) Nakai
- Persicaria foliosa (H.Lindb.) Kitag.
- Persicaria galapagensis (Caruel) Galasso
- Persicaria geocarpica Suyama & K.Ueda
- Persicaria glabra (Willd.) M.Gómez
- Persicaria glacialis (Meisn.) H.Hara
- Persicaria glandulopilosa (De Wild.) Soják
- Persicaria glomerata (Dammer) S.Ortiz & Paiva
- Persicaria greuteriana Galasso
- Persicaria hastatosagittata (Makino) Nakai
- Persicaria × hervieri (Beck) Soják
- Persicaria hirsuta (Walter) Small
- Persicaria hispida (Kunth) M.Gómez
- Persicaria huananensis (A.J.Li) B.Li
- Persicaria humilis (Meisn.) H.Hara
- Persicaria × hybrida (Chaub. ex St.-Amans) Soják
- Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre
- Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small
- Persicaria hystricula (J.Schust.) Soják
- Persicaria imeretina (Kom.) Soják
- Persicaria × intercedens (Beck) Soják
- Persicaria japonica (Meisn.) Nakai
- Persicaria javanica (Bruyn) Soják
- Persicaria jucunda (Meisn.) Migo
- Persicaria kawagoeana (Makino) Nakai
- Persicaria lanata (Roxb.) Tzvelev
- Persicaria lanigera (R.Br.) Soják
- Persicaria lankeshanensis T.J.Liang & Bo Li
- Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre
- Persicaria leblebicii (Yild.) Raus
- Persicaria lii Kitag.
- Persicaria limbata (Meisn.) H.Hara
- Persicaria limicola (Sam.) Yonek. & H.Ohashi
- Persicaria longiflora (Courchet) Borodina
- Persicaria longiseta (Bruijn) Kitag.
- Persicaria maackiana (Regel) Nakai
- Persicaria macrantha (Meisn.) Haraldson
- Persicaria maculosa Gray
- Persicaria madagascariensis (Meisn.) S.Ortiz & Paiva
- Persicaria manshuricola Kitag.
- Persicaria meisneriana (Cham. & Schltdl.) M.Gómez
- Persicaria microcephala (D.Don) H.Gross
- Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz
- Persicaria mitis (Schrank) Assenov
- Persicaria muricata (Meisn.) Nemoto
- Persicaria nakaii (H.Hara) Cubey
- Persicaria nataliae Stepanov
- Persicaria neofiliformis (Nakai) Ohki
- Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) H.Gross
- Persicaria nogueirae S.Ortiz & Paiva
- Persicaria obtusifolia (Täckh. & Boulos) Greuter & Burdet
- Persicaria odorata (Lour.) Soják
- Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach
- Persicaria palmata (Dunn) Yonek. & H.Ohashi
- Persicaria paradoxa (H.Lév.) Kantachot
- Persicaria paraguayensis (Wedd.) S.T.Kim & Donoghue
- Persicaria paralimicola (A.J.Li) B.Li
- Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez
- Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H.Gross
- Persicaria peruviana (Meisn.) Soják
- Persicaria pilushanensis (Y.C.Liu & C.H.Ou) C.F.Kuo ex T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung
- Persicaria pinetorum (Hemsl.) H.Gross
- Persicaria poiretii (Meisn.) K.L.Wilson
- Persicaria posumbu (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross
- Persicaria praetermissa (Hook.f.) H.Hara
- Persicaria prostrata (R.Br.) Soják
- Persicaria × pseudoincana (Klokov) Doweld
- Persicaria × pseudolapathum (Schur) D.H.Kent
- Persicaria pubescens (Blume) H.Hara
- Persicaria pulchra (Blume) Soják
- Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small
- Persicaria puritanorum (Fernald) Soják
- Persicaria robustior (Small) E.P.Bicknell
- Persicaria roseoviridis Kitag.
- Persicaria rotunda (Z.Z.Zhou & Q.Y.Sun) Bo Li
- Persicaria rubricaulis (Cham.) Galasso
- Persicaria runcinata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross
- Persicaria sagittata (L.) H.Gross
- Persicaria scabra (Moench) Moldenke
- Persicaria segetum (Kunth) Small
- Persicaria senegalensis (Meisn.) Soják
- Persicaria senticosa (Meisn.) H.Gross
- Persicaria setacea (Baldwin) Small
- Persicaria setosula (A.Rich.) K.L.Wilson
- Persicaria sinica Migo
- Persicaria sinuata (Royle ex Bab.) H.Gross
- Persicaria snobarii Munshi & Javeid
- Persicaria stagnina (Buch.-Ham. ex Meisn.) M.A.Hassan
- Persicaria stelligera (Cham.) Galasso
- Persicaria strigosa (R.Br.) H.Gross
- Persicaria strindbergii (J.Schust.) Galasso
- Persicaria subsessilis (R.Br.) K.L.Wilson
- Persicaria sungareensis Kitag.
- Persicaria sylvestris Funez & Hassemer
- Persicaria taitoinsularis (Masam.) Yonek.
- Persicaria taquetii (H.Lév.) Koidz.
- Persicaria thunbergii (Siebold & Zucc.) H.Gross
- Persicaria tinctoria (Aiton) Spach
- Persicaria trigonocarpa (Makino) Nakai
- Persicaria truellum (Koidz.) Honda
- Persicaria umbrosa (Sam.) Galasso
- Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaertn.
- Persicaria viscofera (Makino) H.Gross
- Persicaria viscosa (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross ex T.Mori
- Persicaria wellensii (De Wild.) Soják
- Persicaria × wilmsii (Beck) Soják
- Persicaria wugongshanensis Bo Li
- Amblygonum Rchb.
- Antenoron Raf.
- Cephalophilon (Meisn.) Spach
- Chylocalyx Hassk.
- Echinocaulon (Meisn.) Spach
- Echinocaulos Hassk.
- Goniaticum Stokes
- Heptarina Raf.
- Lagunaea C.Agardh
- Lagunea Lour.
- Mitesia Raf.
- Peutalis Raf.
- Pogalis Raf.
- Sunania Raf.
- Tasoba Raf.
- Tovara Adans.
- Tracaulon Raf.
- Truellum Houtt.
Persicaria Mill. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rico, L. [1760], Armenia | K000297292 |
First published in Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. (1754)
Accepted by
- Schuster, T.M., Reveal, J.L., Bayly, M.J. & Kron, K.A. (2015). An updated molecular phylogeny of Polygonoideae (Polygonaceae): relationships of Oxygonum, Pteroxygonum, and Rumex, and a new circumscription of Koenigia Taxon 64: 1188-1208.
Literature
Flora Zambesiaca
- Kew Bull. 45: 621–636 (1990).
- K.L. Wilson in Kew Bull. 45: 621–636 (1990).
- Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 98: 330–338 (1988).
- Ronse Decraene & Akeroyd in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 98: 330–338 (1988).
- Gard. Dict. abr. ed. 4, 1 (1754).
- Gard. Dict. abr. ed. 4, 1 (1754).
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
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Kew Backbone Distributions
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Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Plants and People Africa
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