- Family: Amaranthaceae Juss.
Chenopodium L.
This genus is accepted, and its native range is Cosmopolitan.
[FZ]
Chenopodiaceae, J. P. M. Brenan. Flora Zambesiaca 9:1. 1988
- Habit
- Mostly annual or perennial herbs, glabrous, pubescent, glandular or mealy with vesicular hairs.
- Leaves
- Leaves membranous to more or less fleshy, entire, toothed, or pinnately divided, alternate, mostly petiolate, normally broad.
- Flowers
- Flowers mostly in cymose clusters (“glomerules”) variously arranged but often paniculate and mixed, without bracteoles.
- Perianth
- Perianth of both sorts of flower normally (3) 4–5 lobed, unaltered or nearly so in fruit, or sometimes becoming fleshy.
- Stamens
- Stamens 1–5.
- Stigma
- Stigmas 2 (5).
- Fruits
- Fruit with a membranous indehiscent pericarp.
- Seeds
- Embryo annular. Seeds “horizontal” (vertically compressed) or, less commonly, “vertical” (horizontally compressed), testa normally thin, hard and brittle. Endosperm present.
[FTEA]
Chenopodiaceae, J. P. M. Brenan. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1954
- Habit
- Mostly annual or perennial herbs, glabrous, pubescent, glandular or mealy with vesicular hairs
- Leaves
- Leaves alternate, mostly petiolate, normally broad
- Flowers
- Flowers mostly in cymose clusters (“glomerules”) variously arranged, ⚥ and ♀ mixed, without bracteoles
- Calyx
- Calyx of both sorts of flower normally (3–) 4–5-lobed, unaltered or nearly so in fruit, or sometimes becoming fleshy
- Stamens
- Stamens 1–5
- Fruits
- Fruits with membranous indehiscent pericarp
- Seeds
- Endosperm present Embryo annular Seeds “horizontal” (vertically compressed) or, less commonly, “vertical” (horizontally compressed); testa normally thin, hard and brittle
- Note
- Weeds of cultivated areas and waste lands around human habitations.
[FSOM]
M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS
- Habit
- Annual or perennial herbs, often weedy; pubescent, glandular or mealy with white vesicular hairs or ± glabrous
- Leaves
- Leaves alternate, mostly broad and petiolate, not obviously succulent
- Inflorescences
- Inflorescences basically cymose, variously arranged, sometimes condensed into clusters, bisexual and female flowers mixed, bracteoles absent
- Flowers
- Flowers (3–)4–5-merous, perianth deeply divided, perianth segments sometimes longitudinally keeled, rarely becoming fleshy in fruit; stamens 1–5; stigmas usually 2, slender
- Fruits
- Fruit a very thin-walled utricle, pericarp closely adhering to seed
- Seeds
- Seed discoid, horizontal or vertical within fruit; testa brittle, minutely ornamented; embryo annular, endosperm present.
- Note
- Many species are variable and difficult to separate from allied taxa. This is reflected in the complex infraspecific taxonomy of many of the more widespread species, but is seem likely that at least part of this owes more to phenotypic plasticity than differences in genotypes. Identification is often dependent on seed characters, especially the microscopic ornamentation of the testa. Vegetative characters are very plastic and are often difficult to use. A difficult genus variously estimated to include from “over 70” to “perhaps 250” species, almost all weeds, some of which are subcosmopolitan.
Native to:
Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil South, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Burundi, Buryatiya, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caprivi Strip, Central European Rus, Chad, Chatham Is., Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, Florida, France, Free State, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Gulf States, Hainan, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Kermadec Is., Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Laos, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ogasawara-shoto, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Panamá, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Qinghai, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South China Sea, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, St.Helena, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Himalaya, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe
Introduced into:
Antipodean Is., Bahamas, Bermuda, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Føroyar, Gulf of Guinea Is., Iceland, Jawa, Labrador, Mauritania, Mauritius, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, Newfoundland, Norfolk Is., Nunavut, Réunion, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Trinidad-Tobago, Tristan da Cunha
- Chenopodium acerifolium Andrz.
- Chenopodium aciculare (Paul G.Wilson) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium acuminatum Willd.
- Chenopodium adpressifolium Pandeya & A.Pandeya
- Chenopodium albescens Small
- Chenopodium album L.
- Chenopodium allanii Aellen
- Chenopodium atripliciforme Murr
- Chenopodium atrovirens Rydb.
- Chenopodium aureum Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium auricomiforme Murr & Thell.
- Chenopodium auricomum Lindl.
- Chenopodium ayare Toro Torr.
- Chenopodium baccatum Labill.
- Chenopodium benthamii Iamonico & Mosyakin
- Chenopodium berlandieri Moq.
- Chenopodium betaceum Andrz.
- Chenopodium × binzianum Aellen & Thell.
- Chenopodium × bohemicum F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium × borbasii Murr
- Chenopodium brandegeeae Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium bryoniifolium Bunge
- Chenopodium candolleanum (Moq.) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium carnosulum Moq.
- Chenopodium chaldoranicum Rahimin. & Ghaemm.
- Chenopodium cordobense Aellen
- Chenopodium cornutum (Torr.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex S.Watson
- Chenopodium × covillei Aellen
- Chenopodium crusoeanum Skottsb.
- Chenopodium cuneifolium Vahl
- Chenopodium curvispicatum Paul G.Wilson
- Chenopodium cyanifolium Pandeya, Singhal & A.K.Bhatn.
- Chenopodium cycloides A.Nelson
- Chenopodium × dadakovae F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium desertorum (J.M.Black) J.M.Black
- Chenopodium desiccatum A.Nelson
- Chenopodium detestans Kirk
- Chenopodium diversifolium (Aellen) F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium drummondii (Moq.) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium eastwoodiae Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium eremaeum (Paul G.Wilson) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium eustriatum F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium × fallax (Aellen) F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium ficifoliiforme F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium ficifolium Sm.
- Chenopodium flabellifolium Standl.
- Chenopodium foggii Wahl
- Chenopodium fremontii S.Watson
- Chenopodium frigidum Phil.
- Chenopodium frutescens C.A.Mey.
- Chenopodium × fursajevii Aellen & Iljin
- Chenopodium gaudichaudianum (Moq.) Paul G.Wilson
- Chenopodium giganteum D.Don
- Chenopodium griseochlorinum F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium × gruellii Aellen
- Chenopodium hastatifolium Pandeya & A.Pandeya
- Chenopodium × haywardiae Murr
- Chenopodium hederiforme (Murr) Aellen
- Chenopodium helenense Aellen
- Chenopodium hians Standl.
- Chenopodium hircinum Schrad.
- Chenopodium howellii Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium hubbardii Aellen
- Chenopodium × humiliforme (Murr) F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium iljinii Golosk.
- Chenopodium incanum (S.Watson) A.Heller
- Chenopodium incognitum Wahl
- Chenopodium iranicum (Aellen) Hamdi & Malekloo
- Chenopodium × jedlickae F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium × jehlikii F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium karoi (Murr) Aellen
- Chenopodium lenticulare Aellen
- Chenopodium × leptophylliforme Aellen
- Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S.Watson
- Chenopodium × linciense Murr
- Chenopodium lineatum Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium littoreum Benet-Pierce & M.G.Simpson
- Chenopodium lobodontum H.Scholz
- Chenopodium loureirei Steud.
- Chenopodium luteorubrum Mandák & Lomon.
- Chenopodium luteum Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium × mendelii F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium moquinianum Aellen
- Chenopodium mucronatum Thunb.
- Chenopodium neomexicanum Standl.
- Chenopodium nesodendron Skottsb.
- Chenopodium nevadense Standl.
- Chenopodium nitens Benet-Pierce & M.G.Simpson
- Chenopodium nitrariaceum (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth.
- Chenopodium novopokrovskyanum (Aellen) Uotila
- Chenopodium nutans (R.Br.) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium oahuense (Meyen) Aellen
- Chenopodium obscurum Aellen
- Chenopodium opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz
- Chenopodium pallescens Standl.
- Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen
- Chenopodium pallidum Moq.
- Chenopodium palmeri Standl.
- Chenopodium pamiricum Iljin
- Chenopodium papulosum Moq.
- Chenopodium parabolicum (R.Br.) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium × paradoxum Mandák
- Chenopodium parryi Standl.
- Chenopodium perttii Sukhor.
- Chenopodium petiolare Kunth
- Chenopodium philippianum Aellen
- Chenopodium phillipsianum Aellen
- Chenopodium pilcomayense Aellen
- Chenopodium × podperae F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium polygonoides (Murr) Aellen
- Chenopodium × praeacutum Murr
- Chenopodium pratericola Rydb.
- Chenopodium preissii (Moq.) Diels
- Chenopodium × preissmannii Murr
- Chenopodium × pseudoleptophyllum Aellen
- Chenopodium pseudomultiflorum (Murr) Uotila
- Chenopodium × pseudostriatum (Zschacke) Druce
- Chenopodium pueblense H.S.Reed
- Chenopodium quinoa Willd.
- Chenopodium retusum (Moq.) Juss. ex Moq.
- Chenopodium robertianum Iamonico & Mosyakin
- Chenopodium ruiz-lealii Aellen
- Chenopodium sanctae-clarae Johow
- Chenopodium sancti-ambrosii Skottsb.
- Chenopodium sandersii Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium santoshei Pandeya, Singhal & A.K.Bhatn.
- Chenopodium scabricaule Speg.
- Chenopodium simpsonii Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium × smardae F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium sonorense Benet-Pierce & M.G.Simpson
- Chenopodium sosnowskyi Kapeller
- Chenopodium spegazzinii F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium spinescens (R.Br.) S.Fuentes & Borsch
- Chenopodium standleyanum Aellen
- Chenopodium stenophyllum (Makino) Koidz.
- Chenopodium striatiforme Murr
- Chenopodium subficifolium (Murr) Druce
- Chenopodium subglabrum (S.Watson) A.Nelson
- Chenopodium suecicum Murr
- Chenopodium × thellungii Murr
- Chenopodium tonkinense Courchet
- Chenopodium triandrum G.Forst.
- Chenopodium × tridentinum Murr
- Chenopodium × trigonocarpum Aellen
- Chenopodium trigonon Schult.
- Chenopodium twisselmannii Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium ulbrichii Aellen
- Chenopodium ulicinum Gand.
- Chenopodium × unarii F.Dvorák
- Chenopodium × variabile Aellen
- Chenopodium vulvaria L.
- Chenopodium wahlii Benet-Pierce
- Chenopodium watsonii A.Nelson
- Chenopodium wilsonii S.Fuentes, Borsch & Uotila
- Chenopodium × zahnii Murr
- Chenopodium zerovii Iljin
- Chenopodium zoellneri Aellen
Chenopodium L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Krapovickas, A. [37116], Brazil | K001207018 | |||
Krapovickas, A. [37705], Brazil | K001207019 | |||
Secco, R.S. [115], Brazil | K001207017 | |||
s.coll. [Cat. no. 7440] | K001127341 |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 219 (1753)
Accepted by
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Literature
Flora of West Tropical Africa
- —F.T.A. 6, 1: 77.
Flora Zambesiaca
- Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 103 (1754).
Flora of Somalia
- Flora Somalia, Vol 1, (1993) Author: by I. Friis & M. G. Gilbert [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Flora of Tropical East Africa
- Gen. PL, ed. 5, 103 (1754)
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Somalia
Flora of Somalia
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
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Kew Backbone Distributions
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2021. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0