- Family: Onagraceae Juss.
- Genus: Circaea L.
Circaea lutetiana L.
- Genus: Circaea L.
[FIQ]
Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.
- Morphology General Habit
- Plants 15–60 cm tall, usually unbranched below, with numerous thick, fleshy soboles from the underground rhizome
- Morphology Stem
- Stems sparsely strigose or short-villous to nearly glabrous
- Morphology Leaves
- Leaves ovate, 2.5–11 × 1.5–6.5 cm, truncate to slightly cordate at base, long-acuminate at apex, sparsely and shallowly denticulate; petioles 1–5 cm
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
- Inflorescence glandular-pubescent
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel
- Pedicels 4–8 mm in fruit, reflexed at maturity
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Hypanthium
- Hypanthium slender, 1–1.2 mm
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
- Sepals 2–4.5 × 1–3 mm, muriculate
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
- Petals cuneate, 2–4 × 2.2–5 mm, notched for about one-half their length
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Filaments
- Filaments 2.5–5.5 mm; anthers 0.4–0.8 mm
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Style
- Style 4–6.7 mm; stigma deeply 2-lobed, white to reddish, held above and away from the spreading anthers at anthesis; disc present, 0.2‒0.4 mm high
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
- Fruit 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, 2-locular, tapering at base, smooth to slightly rugose, densely covered with white hooked hairs 0.7–1.1 mm long
- Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
- Seeds 2–3 mm.
- Ecology
- Woodland.
- Distribution
- Throughout Europe, Syria, Turkey, Iran, the Caucasus and eastward in Siberia. Although this specimen may not be from within the limits of Iraq, the species is to be expected elsewhere along the mountainous regions of the Iranian and Turkish borderland.
Native to:
Albania, Algeria, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Rus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Circaea lutetiana L. appears in other Kew resources:
Date | Reference | Identified As | Barcode | Type Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cope, T.A. [RBG 165], Great Britain | K000914241 | |||
Cope, T.A. [RBG 165], Great Britain | K000914242 |
First published in Sp. Pl.: 9 (1753)
Accepted by
- Bailey, C. & al. (2015). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Tennessee: 1-813. University of Tennessee press.
- Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmondson, J.R. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Iraq 5(2): 1-349. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. (2013). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 5: 1-451. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
- Litvinskaya, S.A. & Murtazaliev, R.A. (2013). Flora of the Northern Caucasus: An Atlas and Identification Book: 1-688. Fiton XXI.
- Malyschev, L.I., Peshkova, G.A. & Baikov, K.S. (eds.) (2007). Flora of Siberia 14: 1-210. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
- Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
- Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1968). Flora Europaea 2: 1-469. Cambridge University Press.
- Raven, P.H. (1964). Flora Iranica 7: 1-19. Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
Literature
Flora of Iraq
- Chamberlain & Raven in Davis, Fl. Turk. 4: 181 (1972).
- Zohary, Fl. Palest. ed. 2, 1: 476 (1932)
- Boiss., Fl. Orient. 2: 753 (1872);
- Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 12 (1753);
Kew Backbone Distributions
- Ghazanfar, S.A. & Edmondson, J.R. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Iraq 5(2): 1-349. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
- Abdulina, S.A. (1999). Spisok Sosudistykn Rastenii Kazakhstana: 1-187. Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
- Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 4: 1-657. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
Flora of Iraq
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