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  1. Family: Typhaceae Juss.
    1. Genus: Typha L.

      1. Typha latifolia L.

        This species is accepted, and its native range is Temp. Northern Hemisphere to Ccolombia, W. Bolivia to S. South America, Nigeria to Kenya.

    [FTEA]

    Typhaceae, D. M. Napper. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1971

    Habit
    Stems erect, stout 1.5–3.5 m. high.
    Leaves
    Leaf-sheaths abruptly rounded to auriculate at the junction with the blade and scarious-margined, sometimes purple-spotted within; blade linear, up to 2 m. long, 8–10 mm. wide, with an obtuse tip and narrow base, the base flat above and convex beneath in dried material, glabrous, glaucous.
    Inflorescences
    Inflorescence of contiguous spikes, each subtended by a caducous foliaceous bract, the ♀ spike sometimes constricted or interrupted, each part with a subtending bract and separated by 0–3.5 cm. Male spike 8–12 cm. long, l.3–l.8(–2.5) cm. wide at maturity; bracteoles linear, beige or pinkish-fawn, ± as long as the stamens; stamens with white filaments stouter than the bracteoles; anthers 3–4 mm. long with the connective produced into an obtuse rounded black tip as broad as the anther, or broader; mature pollen grains adhering in tetrads, pale primrose-yellow. Female spike 13–16(–25) cm. long, 2.5–3.5(–4) cm. wide, yellow-green at first, becoming dark sepia-brown or almost black at maturity; pedicels numerous, filiform, 20–30 per sq. mm.; bracteoles not present; carpodia pale, speckled with red, ± as long as the perigonous hairs; fertile flowers with a broadly lanceolate stigma much longer than the perigonous hairs.
    Male
    Male spike 8–12 cm. long, l.3–l.8(–2.5) cm. wide at maturity; bracteoles linear, beige or pinkish-fawn, ± as long as the stamens; stamens with white filaments stouter than the bracteoles; anthers 3–4 mm. long with the connective produced into an obtuse rounded black tip as broad as the anther, or broader; mature pollen grains adhering in tetrads, pale primrose-yellow.
    Female
    Female spike 13–16(–25) cm. long, 2.5–3.5(–4) cm. wide, yellow-green at first, becoming dark sepia-brown or almost black at maturity; pedicels numerous, filiform, 20–30 per sq. mm.; bracteoles not present; carpodia pale, speckled with red, ± as long as the perigonous hairs; fertile flowers with a broadly lanceolate stigma much longer than the perigonous hairs.
    Figures
    Fig. 1/9, p. 3.
    Habitat
    In swamps, dams and rivers with permanent flow; 1300–2200 m.
    Distribution
    throughout the north temperate regions of the world, southwards to Kenya and Nigeria in Africa and to the Argentine in America K3 K4 K5 U3
    [FWTA]

    Typhaceae, F. N. Hepper. Flora of West Tropical Africa 3:1. 1968

    Habit
    Tall aquatic herb up to 9 ft. high
    Inflorescences
    Female inflorescence brown
    Female
    Female inflorescence brown
    Ecology
    In permanent water.

    Images

    Distribution

    Native to:

    Afghanistan, Alabama, Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, British Columbia, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, California, Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Delaware, Denmark, Djibouti, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Finland, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Honduras, Hungary, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Inner Mongolia, Iowa, Iran, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kazakhstan, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuril Is., Lebanon-Syria, Louisiana, Maine, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Masachusettes, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Morocco, Nebraska, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, Nigeria, North Carolina, North Caucasus, North Dakota, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pakistan, Palestine, Paraguay, Pennsylvania, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Québec, Rhode I., Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Sicilia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tennessee, Texas, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Uganda, Ukraine, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia, Yukon, Zaïre

    Introduced into:

    Hawaii, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

    Typha latifolia L. appears in other Kew resources:

    Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
    Jan 1, 2013 Ratter, J.A. [4300], Brazil K000837979

    First published in Sp. Pl.: 971 (1753)

    Accepted by

    • Bernal, R., Gradstein, R.S. & Celis, M. (eds.) (2016). Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia 1-2: 1-3068. Libro impreso.
    • Larson, J., Reif, B., Nelson, B.E. & Hartman, R.L. (2014). Floristic studies in North Central New Mexico, U.S.A. the Sange de Cristo mountains Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 8: 271-303.
    • Chang, C.S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.S. (2014). Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF): 1-660. DESIGNPOST.
    • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741.
    • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
    • Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 23: 1-515. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
    • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
    • Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2008). Flora Iberica 18: 1-420. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
    • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
    • Aver'ianov, L.V. & al. (2006). Illyustrirovannyi opredelitel' rastenii Leningradskoi oblasti: 1-799. Nauka, Moskva.
    • Takhtajan, A.L. (ed.) (2006). Conspectus Florae Caucasi 2: 1-466. Editio Universitatis Petropolitanae.
    • Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Espejo Serna, A. & López-Ferraria, A.R. (2000). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 9-11: 1-337. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F.

    Literature

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • Graebner in Engl., Pflanzenr. 4, 8 Typhac.: 8 (1900).
    • Sp. Pl. 971 (1753)
    Kew Backbone Distributions
    • Bernal, R., Gradstein, R.S. & Celis, M. (eds.) (2016). Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia 1-2: 1-3068. Libro impreso.
    • Jørgensen, P.M., Nee, M.H. & Beck., S.G. (eds.) (2013). Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127: 1-1741.
    • Dimopoulos, P., Raus, T., Bergmeier, E., Constantinidis, T., Iatrou, G., Kokkini, S., Strid, A., & Tzanoudakis, D. (2013). Vascular plants of Greece. An annotated checklist: 1-372. Botanic gardens and botanical museum Berlin-Dahlem, Berlin and Hellenic botanical society, Athens.
    • Dobignard, D. & Chatelain, C. (2010). Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du nord 1: 1-455. Éditions des conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève.
    • Nelson Sutherland, C.H. (2008). Catálogo de las plantes vasculares de Honduras. Espermatofitas: 1-1576. SERNA/Guaymuras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
    • Espejo Serna, A. & López-Ferraria, A.R. (2000). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 9-11: 1-337. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F.
    • Audru, J., Cesar, J. & Lebrun, J.-P. (1993). Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti. Flore Illustrée 2(2): 433-968. CIRAD, Départerment d'Elevage et de Médecine vétérinaire, Djibouti.
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • Hepper in Flora of West Tropical Africa, ed. 2, 3: 131 (1968).
    • Crespo & Perez-Moreau in Darwiniana 14: 416 (1967).
    • Chiov., Racc. Bot. Consol. Kenya: 123 (1935).
    • N.E. Br. in Flora of Tropical Africa 8: 136 (1901), pro parte.
    • Graebner in A. Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV 8: 8 (1900).
    • Dur. & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afr. 5: 470 (1895).
    • Kronfeld in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien 39: 176, t. 5/11 (1889).
    • Rohrb. in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 11: 75 (1870).
    • L., Sp. Pl.: 971 (1753).

    Sources

    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    Flora of Tropical East Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    Flora of West Tropical Africa
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
    'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2019. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0