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  1. Family: Poaceae Barnhart
    1. Genus: Anthoxanthum L.

      1. Anthoxanthum arcticum Veldkamp

        This species is accepted, and its native range is Subarctic to Central & E. Canada.

    [GB]
    Habit
    Perennial. Rhizomes elongated. Culms erect; 15-30 cm long. Culm-internodes smooth, or scaberulous. Leaves mostly basal; much reduced on the culm. Leaf-sheaths scaberulous. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 0.5-1 mm long. Leaf-blades 10-20 cm long; 1-2 mm wide; aromatic. Leaf-blade surface glabrous.
    Inflorescences
    Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; linear; 1.5-3 cm long; bearing few spikelets. Primary panicle branches appressed; bearing 1-2 fertile spikelets on each lower branch. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled.
    Spikelets
    Spikelets comprising 2 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; laterally compressed; 4-5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
    Fertile
    Spikelets comprising 2 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; laterally compressed; 4-5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret.
    Glume
    Glumes persistent; similar; shorter than spikelet; thinner than fertile lemma; shiny. Lower glume ovate; 2.5 mm long; 0.75 length of upper glume; hyaline; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume ovate; 3.5-4.5 mm long; 0.9 length of adjacent fertile lemma; hyaline; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins absent. Upper glume apex acute.
    Florets
    Basal sterile florets similar; male; with palea; attached to and deciduous with the fertile. Lemma of lower sterile floret elliptic; 1 length of fertile lemma; membranous; 1-keeled; 5 -veined; scabrous; entire; acute; muticous, or mucronate. Lemma of upper sterile floret oblong; 1 length of lower sterile floret; membranous; scabrous; entire; acute; muticous, or mucronate. Fertile lemma ovate; 4-5 mm long; cartilaginous; without keel. Lemma surface scabrous; rough above. Lemma margins convolute; covering most of palea. Lemma apex acute. Palea elliptic; 3 -veined; without keels.
    Flowers
    Anthers 2 (bisexual), or 3 (male). Ovary glabrous.
    Fruits
    Caryopsis with adherent pericarp.
    Distribution
    Europe: eastern. Asia-temperate: Siberia and Soviet far east. North America: Subarctic, western Canada, and eastern Canada.
    Reference
    Aveneae. N Amer Fl 1994.

    Images

    Distribution

    Native to:

    Alaska, Kamchatka, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Is., Magadan, Manitoba, North European Russi, Northwest Territorie, Nunavut, Ontario, Québec, Sakhalin, West Siberia, Yakutskiya, Yukon

    Anthoxanthum arcticum Veldkamp appears in other Kew resources:

    Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status
    Nov 1, 1988 Beechey, F.W. [s.n.], Nova Scotia Hierochloe pauciflora K000838026
    Nov 1, 1988 Parry, W. [s.n.] Hierochloe pauciflora K000838027
    Andersson, N.J. [s.n.] Hierochloe pauciflora K000838024
    Kjellman, F.R. [s.n.] Hierochloe pauciflora K000838028
    Beverley [s.n.], Nova Scotia Hierochloe pauciflora K000838030
    Parry, W. [s.n.] Hierochloe pauciflora K000838023 isotype
    Parry, W. [s.n.] Hierochloe pauciflora K000838022
    Parry, W. [s.n.], Northern America Hierochloe pauciflora K000838029
    Cheyne, A. [s.n.] Hierochloe pauciflora K000838025

    First published in Blumea 30: 349 (1985)

    Not accepted by

    • Clayton, W.D., Harman, K.T. & Williamson, H. (2006). World Grass Species - Synonymy database The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [Cited as Hierochloe pauciflora.]

    Literature

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    • Malyschev, L.I. & Peschkova, G.A. (eds.) (2001). Flora of Siberia 2: 1-362. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Enfield, Plymouth.
    • Fedorov, A.A. (ed.) (1999). Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions 1: 1-546. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Broekfield.
    • Kharkevich, S.S., Probatova, N.S. & Novikov, V.S. (1985). Sosudistye rasteniia sovetskogo Dal’nego Vostoka 1: 1-383. Izd-vo "Nauka," Leningradskoe otd-nie, Leningrad.
    • Tutin, T.G. & al. (eds.) (1980). Flora Europaea 5: 1-452. Cambridge University Press.

    Sources

    GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

    Herbarium Catalogue Specimens
    'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system.
    Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

    Kew Backbone Distributions
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

    Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
    The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
    © Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0